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Early Farmers

Early Farmers. Chapter 1, Lesson 2. The Stone Age. The Stone Age consists of a large period of time that Archaeologists have broken down into two periods: 1. The Old Stone Age 2. The New Stone Age. The Old Stone Age.

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Early Farmers

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  1. Early Farmers Chapter 1, Lesson 2

  2. The Stone Age • The Stone Age consists of a large period of time that Archaeologists have broken down into two periods: • 1. The Old Stone Age • 2. The New Stone Age

  3. The Old Stone Age • A period of time during the Stone Age that lasted about 3.5 million years ago to about 10,000 years ago. • Little progress was made during this time. • People relied on pebbles or stone tools, and hand axes. • As time progressed people began to use wood, horn, antler, and bone tools. • Out of all of these tools, bone proved to be the most useful for barbed fishhooks, needles and for leatherworking.

  4. New Stone Age • The New Stone Age began about 10,000 years ago and lasted to about 5,000 years ago. • Humans made great progress in technology in a shorter period of time. • Technology – a way that humans produce items that they use. • New stone-working techniques, such as polished rocks tools, came into use.

  5. Skara Brae • A stone age village from about 4,500 years ago • Located in Scotland • Discovered in 1800s • Skara Brae offers clues about life during the Stone Age.

  6. Europe

  7. Skara Brae

  8. Skara Brae

  9. Domestication • Domestication is the taming of wild animals.

  10. Domestication • About 10, 000 years ago, humans began to realize that animals could be useful to them. • Humans began to tame dogs, goats, cattle and sheep. • Domesticated animals depend on humans for survival. • Animals were used to plow the fields. • Animals also contributed to the development of agriculture. • Agriculture is the raising of plants and animals for human consumption.

  11. Early Farming • Archaeologists have discovered, through plant remains, that the first plants to be domesticated was grain, such as wheat, rice, barley, etc.

  12. Harvest • Harvest – to gather together.

  13. Excavation site • An archaeologist digs up artifacts at an excavation site.

  14. Surplus • Surplus is an extra supply. • Families could now raise more crops than they needed and sell the extra, or surplus.

  15. Social Divisions • Because of the surplus, a village could divide up the work, called social divisions. • A toolmaker could exchange tools for food, etc.

  16. Nomads • Nomads were people that traveled from place to place and did not have a permanent home. • Most nomads used horses, donkeys, and camels for travel and for transporting goods.

  17. Climates • Climates – the average weather conditions of places over a long span of time.

  18. Carbon Dating • All living things contain carbon. Scientists can determine how old something is by determining what happened to the carbon over time.

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