Th , March 7,2013 Sit. Materials out. Backpacks away. Silence.

1. Th, March 7,2013Sit. Materials out. Backpacks away. Silence. First: Copy your objectives and homework • To create a neuron model and to use this model to simulate neurotransmitter release • To differentiate between neurotransmitters and hormones • To correlate endocrine glands with their respective hormones. • To explain what happens during reflex and feedback Homework: Unit Test 2 ( March 11, 2012---Monday); Study guides due on that day. Paper copies available tomorrow, also on our wiki. DO NOW QUESTION: On your post-its, copy and sign. I know that I have a major Unit Test on Monday. The results will affect my grade greatly. It is my responsibility to get a copy of the Study guide. The study guide will be graded as an exam. I will be wasting my chance at success if I do not complete and turn in my study guide. I know that I also must study to be successful on this test. Being absent is NOT an excuse for not turning it in since I can email it to Ms. Ng by Sunday 11:59 pm. If absent, I will need to show up for Gertz Succeeds Tue/Fri next week to take the test, along with a letter from my doctor or parents.

2. What are we going to do today? • Do Now • Looking at our objectives • Reflex arc lab • Neuron modeling • Action Potential notes • Action Potential modeling • Feedback Loops • Endocrine gland+ hormone match • Exit slip

3. 9bStudents know how the nervous system mediates communication between different parts of the body and the body’s interactions with the environment. 9cStudents know how the feedback loops in the nervous and endocrine systems regulate conditions in the body. 9dStudents know the functions of the nervous system and the role of neurons in transmitting electrochemical impulses. Nervous System part 2,p.34

4. Reflexes Nerve Pathways: routes where signals travel along the nerve. ( ex. 2 neurons/ 1 synapse) Reflexes: rapid, involuntary response to stimuli which occur over simple nerve pathways called reflex arcs.

5. Reflex Arc • What are reflex arcs? Nerve pathways that need to cross only 2 synapses before producing a response. Sensory neuron-> spinal cord ( interneuron)-> motor neuron-> action

6. Why are reflex arcs important? • Protects your body from injury • Your body responds quickly without thinking.

9. Reflex Arc Lab Patellar (knee-jerk ) Reflex: two neurons/one synapse stretch reflex . • Have your partner sit on the lab table with legs hanging freely. • Sharply tap the knee of one leg, note the response. • Be sure to stand to one side. • Compare responses in the right and left knees • Record your results. • Quick report should include: Title, Hypothesis, Results ( Chart), Summary

10. How signals are transmitted through neurons • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-SHBnExxub8

11. Words: • Action Potential • Synapse • Neurotransmitter: chemicals that are released at the synapses from the synaptic terminal of the axon of the first neuron. These will merge with the dendrites of the second neuron.

12. What happens when the signal is transmitted to another neuron?

13. Neuron Model/ Neurotransmitter Modeling • In groups, create a model of the neuron and the neurotransmitter. • Create your labels using post-its • Simulate how a signal travels ( show this with arrows using your post its)

14. 9cStudents know how the feedback loops in the nervous and endocrine systems regulate conditions in the body Endocrine System, p.35

15. Definitions • Hormone: chemicals secreted by cells that regulate other cells • Gland: organ whose cells secrete chemicals into other regions of the body -> Endocrine gland: ductless -> Exocrine gland: deliver hormones via ducts

16. Regulation & Communication • Animals rely on 2 systems for regulation • endocrine system • system of ductless glands (->extracellular fluid) • secrete chemical signals directly into blood • chemical travels to target tissue • target cells have receptor proteins • slow, long-lasting response • nervous system • system of neurons • transmits “electrical” signal & release neurotransmitters to target tissue • fast, short-lasting response

17. Regulation by chemical messengers • Neurotransmitters released by neurons • Hormones release by endocrine glands endocrine gland neurotransmitter axon hormone carried by blood receptor proteins receptor proteins Lock & Keysystem target cell

18. high low Maintaining homeostasis hormone 1 lowersbody condition gland specific body condition raisesbody condition gland Negative FeedbackModel hormone 2

19. hypothalamus hypothalamus high low Controlling Body Temperature Nervous System Control Feedback nerve signals sweat dilates surfaceblood vessels body temperature (37°C) constricts surfaceblood vessels shiver nerve signals

20. pancreas high liver low pancreas liver Regulation of Blood Sugar Endocrine System Control Feedback islets of Langerhans beta islet cells insulin body cells takeup sugar from blood liver storesglycogen reducesappetite blood sugar level (90mg/100ml) liver releasesglucose triggershunger islets of Langerhansalpha islet cells glucagon

21. Hormone + Glands Match • Pituitary Gland-> • Adrenal Gland-> • Pancreas-> • Testis-> • Ovary->

22. Body Structures+Hormone Match • Insulin? • ADH ( Antidiurectic Hormone)-> • Oxytocin-> • Parathyroid Hormone-> • Growth Hormone->