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DIRECT SPEECH VERSUS REPORTED SPEECH

DIRECT SPEECH VERSUS REPORTED SPEECH. Form changes. The above examples show some changes: · no inverted commas (‘...’) in reported speech, and no punctuation after said . · ‘that’ is added in formal speech/writing. · tense change (e.g. present is  past was )

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DIRECT SPEECH VERSUS REPORTED SPEECH

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  1. DIRECT SPEECH VERSUS REPORTED SPEECH

  2. Form changes • The above examples show some changes: • ·no inverted commas (‘...’) in reported speech, and no punctuation after said. • ·‘that’ is added in formal speech/writing. • ·tense change (e.g. present is past was) • pronoun (we) replaced by noun (his doctors) to make meaning quite clear.

  3. Pronouns and Possessive Adjectives: changes

  4. Time and Place: changes

  5. I work here on Saturdays ---------- • She said (that) she worked there on Saturdays. • I’m going to London tomorrow.--- • She said (that)he was going to London the next day. • I’ve written a letter today----------- • She said (that) she had written a letter that day. • I saw an old friend yesterday – • She said (that) she had seen an old friend the day before.

  6. I had forgotten to tell you.---------- • She said (that) she had forgotten to tell me. • I’ll ring you later this week -------- • She said (that) she would ring us later that week. • I cannot hear you.-------------------- • She said (that) she could not hear me. • You must do your homework.----- • She said (that) I had to do my homework. • I may join you later.----------------- • She said (that) she might join us later.

  7. REPORTING VERBS: • ·Other verbs apart form said used in the R.S. with a that clause: explained, admitted complained, argued, promised. Ex: • I’ll give you a hand with your homework---- My father promised me to give me a hand with my homework. • ·When “suggest” is used to report advice it is followed by should. Ex:

  8. Ask in the Post Office for directions----- He suggested that we should ask in the Post Office for directions. • ·A)The verb “tell” can be used to introduce a reported statement. It is followed by a personal object and a that clause. Ex: • He told us that the film was excellent.

  9. Other common verbs like this are: advise, warn, remind. • B) The verb “tell” is also used to introduce commands. Ex: • Go to your room------------------He told me to go to my room. • Other common verbs like this: advise invite recommend forbid ask, warn, remind.

  10. Changes in Construction

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