Birth of the PRC

1. Order-Chaos Fulfilled? New Ideology Mao Dynasty? Nationalism legitimizes the Communists October 1, 1949 Birth of the PRC

2. CPC Ideology Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels The Communist Manifesto 1848 • Basics: Capitalism is exploitation • Rich exploit poor • Government enforces exploitation • Worker’s revolution • Communism phase begins: • End private property; • create collective ownership

3. Vanguard Peasant revolution The Mass Line Campaigns Revolutionary Struggle 1893-1976 Mao Zedong Thought

4. To Study Chinese Government • Government Structure • Party Structure • Leadership and Decision Making

5. Key Points • Dual Structure: Government and Party Hu Jintao Hu Jintao President of China General Secretary of CPC

6. Key Points 2. Informality, Factionalism, Personal Rivalries 1980s Factional Struggle Zhao Ziyang Li Peng

7. Government Structure Formal Government: Constitution Standing Comm. The Cabinet ; Headed by Premier;State CouncilCenter Controls Ministries, Commissions, Institutions, Working Organs Standing Comm. of NPC National People’s Congress smaller committees Province small committees large committees smaller committees County small committees large committees smaller committees City small committees large committees smaller committees small committees Work Unit large committees

8. Communist Party Structure Formal CPC Structure: Constitution of CPC General SecretaryPolitburoStanding Comm.(7-9 members) of the CCP ; Party SecretariatPolitburoCentral Military Commission Central Committee Central CommitteePLA DepartmentsNational Party Congress smaller committees Province small committees large committees smaller committees County small committees large committees smaller committees City small committees large committees smaller committees small committees Work Unit large committees

9. 15th Party Congress 1997 3rd Generation 1997-2002 • General Secretary Jiang Zemin (President) • Li Peng (Chair NPC) • Zhu Rongji (Premier) • Li Ruihuan • Hu Jintao, • Wei Jianxing • Li Langing

10. 4th Generation PSC 2002-2012 4th Generation 16th Party Congress 2002 4th Generation 17th Party Congress 2007 HuJintao Wu Bangguo WenJiabao JiaQinglin Li Changchun Xi Jinping Li Keqiang He Guoqiang Zhou Yongkang • General Secretary Hu Jintao (President) • Wu Bangguo (Chair NPC) • Wen Jiabao (Premier) • Jia Qinglin • Zeng Qinghong • Huang Ju • Wu Guanzheng • Li Changchun • Luo Gan

11. 4th Generation to 5th Generation 4th Generation 17th Party Congress 2007 5th Generation 18th Party Congress 2012 Xi Jinping Li Keqiang Zhang Dejiang Yu Zhengsheng Liu Yunshan Wang Qishan Zhang Gaoli • Hu Jintao • Wu Bangguo • Wen Jiabao • Jia Qinglin • Li Changchun • Xi Jinping • Li Keqiang • He Guoqiang • Zhou Yongkang

12. 5th Generation Leadership18th Party Congress Structure: Leaders • Xi Jinping (President) • Li Keqiang (Premier) • Zhang Dejiang (Chair, NPC) • Yu Zhengsheng • Liu Yunshan • Wang Qishan • Zhang Gaoli(Vice Premier)

13. Other Aspects of Government and Party • Judiciary (Supreme People’s Court) • Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) • Ministry of State Security • intelligence • Ministry of Public Security • police

14. Factional Political Debates • Mao Era: The pace of revolution • Reform Era: The pace of reform • Always: Personalities and Loyalties

15. Factional Political Conflict • Mao Era: First Among Equals • hazardous to your health Marshal Peng Dehuai Prisoner Peng Dehuai

16. Factional Political Conflict • Reform Era: • Debate: Intra-Party Democracy, • Decision: Democratic Centralism • Tiananmen Square: Factional Battle 1989 Zhao Ziyang – Out Jiang Zemin - In

17. Decision Making • Party, Government, Factionalism • How are Decisions Made? Guidance: Leading Small Groups