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Coaches Guide to Concussions

Coaches Guide to Concussions. By: Ashlee Capano. What is a Concussion?. Definition: brain injury that is induced by traumatic force May be caused by direct blow to the head,face,neck or elsewhere on body where force is transmitted to head http://youtu.be/Tyv4du7BTOc.

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Coaches Guide to Concussions

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  1. Coaches Guide to Concussions By: Ashlee Capano

  2. What is a Concussion? • Definition: brain injury that is induced by traumatic force • May be caused by direct blow to the head,face,neck or elsewhere on body where force is transmitted to head • http://youtu.be/Tyv4du7BTOc

  3. Possible Mechanism of Injury • Coup: Stationary head is hit by an object traveling at high velocity • Contra Coup: A skull moving at a high velocity hits a stationary object • Rotational/Shear Force: Sudden twisting, acceleration, or deceleration disrupts neural activity

  4. Recognizing A Concussion Symptoms Observed by Coach: Symptoms Reported by Athlete: • Loss of consciousness • Dazed look • Loss of memory • Confusion • Vomiting • Lethargy • Behavioral Changes • Impaired Balance • Headache • Dizziness • Nausea • Light Sensitivity • Double Vision • Ringing in Ears • Doesn’t “feel right” • Unable to Concentrate

  5. Statistics • Out of 750,00 recreational sport injuries 82,000 are brain injuries • Average of 3.5 brain injuries per NFL game • 20% of high school football players sustain concussion over season • Athletes with a concussion are 6 times as likely to have recurrence of head injuries • Winter sports cause over 46% more brain injuries than any other adolescent sport

  6. REPORT IT! DON’T HIDE IT! TAKE TIME TO RECOVER! Remember: It is better to miss one game than sit out a whole season IF YOU THINK AN ATHLETE HAS SUFFERED A CONCUSSION:

  7. Prevention & Preparation • SAFETY FIRST!! • Protective Equipment • Teach Proper Technique • Preparticipcation Exam/ IMPACT Testing • Educate athletes/parents • Create action plan with medical staff • HEIR ON THE SIDE OF CAUTION

  8. IMPACT Testing • Purpose: • Pre-injury baseline test • Objectively evaluation of athlete post-concussion • Track recovery for return to play • Test Features: • Measures athletes symptoms • Verbal/Visual Memory • Reaction time 1/100th second • Produces comprehensive report of test results • Testing administered online for easy access • (Compatible with PC & Mac)

  9. IMPACT Testing Cont’d • Testing takes approximately 20 minutes and addresses multiple aspects of athletes cognitive function. • Test Measurements: • Attention span • Working memory • Sustained attention time • Response variability • Non-verbal Problem Solving • Reaction Time

  10. Action Plan: What a Coach Should Do When a Concussion is Suspected

  11. Treatment • Athlete will recover spontaneously over several days • Physical & cognitive rest until assymptomatic • Limit activities that require concentration ( school work, video games, text messaging) • If activities continue it may worsen or delay recovery

  12. Post-Concussion Syndrome • Symptoms may take hours, days, or weeks to resolve • Symptoms include: headache, inability to sleep or overly fatigued, sensitivity to light, depression, behavioral changes, inability to concentrate, athlete feels like they are in a fog.

  13. Second Impact Syndrome • Definition: While an athlete is still assymptomatic from first concussion they suffer another blow to the head • This is a medical emergency!!! • 50% mortality rate • If athlete survives SIS mental impairment is likely

  14. 3-way approach to treat brain injury with prolonged recovery • Clinical Tools: regular cognitive function testing via IMPACT • Vestibular Therapy: addresses the balance and vision problems associated with concussions • Medicinal Therapy: medicine is used to break through the headaches and physical symptoms that are preventing the athlete from progressing

  15. Additional Traumatic Brain Injuries to be aware of • Epidermal Hematoma: Build up of blood occurs between the skull and duramater • Sub-dural Hematoma: Blood pools between the Outermost meningeal layer and the duramater LIFE THREATENING • Sub-arachnoid Hematoma: Bleeding that occurs between the arachnoid membrane and pia matter LIFE THREATENING

  16. Return To Play Guidelines

  17. If symptoms return or are observed report to a medical professional immediately. Remove from play until cleared by medical professional Always heir on the side of caution. Brain injuries can affect athletes for the rest of their lives. Prevent Re-injury

  18. Additional Resources • http://www.sportsconcussions.org/ • http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/10291/1096154-365.stm • http://www.miaa.net/Update-Concussion-Issues.htm • http://www.impacttest.com/ • http://www.miaa.net/proposed-concussion-regulations.pdf • http://www.ncaa.org/wps/portal/ncaahome?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/ncaa/NCAA/Academics+and+Athletes/Personal+Welfare/Health+and+Safety/Concussion • http://www.stopdizziness.com/services_vestibular_rehabilitation.asp • http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/pdf/coaches_Engl.pdf

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