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30 Years War!

Thirty Years War. 30 Years War!. 1618 - 1648 “Time to Settle Old Scores”. 1618 - 1648. Characteristics of the Thirty Years War. The HRE was the battleground. At the beginning  it was the Catholics vs. the Protestants. At the end  it was Habsburg power that was threatened.

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30 Years War!

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  1. Thirty Years War 30 Years War! 1618 - 1648 “Time to Settle Old Scores” 1618 - 1648

  2. Characteristics of the Thirty Years War • The HRE was the battleground. • At the beginning  it was the Catholics vs. the Protestants. • At the end  it was Habsburg power that was threatened. • Resolved by the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648.

  3. Phase 1: A Religious War?Bohemian Phase Calvinists in Bohemia “Defenestration of Prague”

  4. Defenestration of PragueBohemia

  5. Phase 1: Bohemian War Emperor Ferdinand II vs Frederick of the Palatinate Catholic Princes vs Lutheran Princes 1618 - 1625

  6. Phase 2: Religious War? Danish Phase 1625-1635

  7. The Danish Period Emperor Ferdinand IIIvsKing Christian IV Catholic PrincesvsThe Danes & LutheranPrinces 1625- 1629 • Edict of Restitution (1629): • Restored to Catholics all lands lost since 1552 and deprived all Protestants, except Lutherans, of their religious and political rights.

  8. Phase 3: Religious War? INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT 1630-1635

  9. The Swedish Period! YAY SWEEDEN!!! Emperor Ferdinand IIIvs Gustavus Adolphus Catholic Princesvs The Swedes & LutheranPrinces 1630 - 1635

  10. The Swedish Period! Emperor Ferdinandvs Gustavus Adolphus Catholic Princesvs The Swedes & LutheranPrinces 1630 - 1635 NOOO!!!!

  11. Phase IV: Religious War? 1635-1648

  12. The French Period Philip IV Hapsburg Spain Ferdinand III Hapsburg Emperor Cardinal Richelieu Balance of Power!

  13. The French Phase: 1635-1648 • France & Sweden switched roles. • All countries in Europe now participated. • This phase was most destructive! • German towns decimated. • Agriculture collapsed  famine resulted. • 8 million dead  1/3 of the population • Caused massive inflation. • Trade was crippled throughout Europe.

  14. Loss of German Lives in 30 Years’ War

  15. Treaty of Westphalia (1648)

  16. The Peace of Westphalia, 1648 End of Religious Wars in Europe Calvinism added to Augsburg Hapsburg’s weakened in HRE. H.R.E. Weakened. France is the new power The Dutch and Switzerland given formal independence Religion/Politics are different Spheres.

  17. The Peace of Westphalia (1648) • Political Provisions: • Each German prince became free from any kind of control by the HRE. • Southern part of Netherlands remained a Spanish possession. • France obtained most of the German speaking province of Alsace. • Sweden  got land along the Baltic & Black Sea • Sweden won a voice in the Diet of the HRE. • The ruler of each state determines its religion and permit freedom of private worship, except in the Habsburg lands.

  18. 1688-1700

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