CONFERENCE PACIFIC 2011 AMIENS

1. CONFERENCE PACIFIC 2011 AMIENS CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION

2. CONFERENCE PACIFIC 2011 AMIENS Topics: Improvement of maintenance management of catenary network- developments based on the study : perfectionement dans le management de la maintenance du reseau caténaire dr DD developpements basés sur l'etude :

3. CONTRIBUTIONS TECHNIQUES DESTINÉES A L'AMÉLIORATION ET AU PERFECTIONNEMENT DANS LE MANAGEMENT DE LA MAINTENANCE DES RÉSEAUX CATÉNAIRES POUR LA TRACTION ÉLECTRIQUE FERROVIAIRE analyses et conceptions modernes sur la méthodologie, les procédures, les systèmes et les équipements pour la surveillance et le diagnostic technique de la caténaire ÉTUDE TECHNIQUE CONCEPTIONS ET BASES DU PROJET - PREMIÈRE PARTIE - PACIFIC INTERREG PACIFICProject FRANCE – ENGLAND Design CATÉNAIRE Dr. Doru DEMIAN Dr. Ahmed RACHID CATENARY analyses et syntheses AMIENS 2010 analysis and synthesis

4. CONFERENCE PACIFIC 2011 AMIENS CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION Table of Contents: General. Trends. Objectives II. Procedural and Technological Evolution in the Diagnosis of Catenary III. Modern Concepts Regarding the Catenary Networks Maintenance IV. Conclusions and Perspectives

5. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION 1. PERSPECTIVES IN RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION EVOLUTION Electrical traction is now prevalent in most European rail transportand is still developing, being very much appreciated, supported and driven by: - Specialized Community Organizations, …. for sustainable development considerations - Administrations of Railway Infrastructures, .... on grounds of competitiveness, attractiveness and economic advantages on the competitive transport market These elements of superiority are manifested with accentuated progressive intensity by: - worldwideacceleration of the pace of electrification works in new construction and modernization,  - enhancing of speed performance, regularity, capacity and security Results : electric traction as dominant formula in rail modernization perspective ; standardized quality and performance indicators, according to the technical railway interoperability specifications, with decisive impact on the fundamental characteristics combined in the notion: QUALITY of ELECTRIC ENERGY CAPTURE RELIABILITY of POWER COLLECTION MODERN CONCEPTION ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE MONITORING SYSTEMS USED FOR CATENARY NETWORKS

6. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION TRENDS of MODERNIZATION IN RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION, THROUGH ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF ENERGY CAPTURE a. PANTOGRAPH - CATENARY INTERACTION - The energy capture achieved through the electro-mechanical interaction "pantograph - catenary"is considered the factor the most difficult to control, affecting strongly, directly and permanentlythe quality and the reliability parameters in the electric traction. - The contact line parameters have a decisive influenceon the quality of the dynamic coupling between the pantograph mechanism and the catenary suspension,. - On these parameters acts awide and diverse range of electrical, mechanical, geo climatic and environmental quasi-aleatory disturbances, extended heterogeneously in the network. Pantograph - improving the active control and monitoring the contact parameters, in order to improve the tracking of the catenarydynamics. Catenary- maintenanceimprovement, by optimization of the network monitoring features and of the maintenancecoordination MODERN CONCEPTION ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE MONITORING SYSTEMS USED FOR CATENARY NETWORKS

7. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION Catenary suspension • The contact line networks, basic component with direct and decisive role in maintaining and improving the main transport parameters (fluency, regularity, speed and safety) will be placed in the major interest area​of the railway infrastructure administration; • Development and increasing traffic demands on quality and reliability of transport, brings to the forefront the performance indicators, in the sector of specific maintenance; • In the overall balance of the rail transportation costs, is found an increased pressure on the reduction of the maintenance costs share • Ideal would be to continuously monitor the catenary network, • by measurements and verifications capable of creating databases • for technical diagnostic, analyses and evaluations, able to provide accurate and operative status reports for the system stabilisation. MODERN CONCEPTION ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE MONITORING SYSTEMS USED FOR CATENARY NETWORKS

8. Operating cost Optimal level Achieving cost COST Maintenance cost Reliability CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION b. QUALITY OF ELECTRIC TRACTION SYSTEMS According to the LITERATURE SURVEY RAILWAY STATISTICS PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE, quality parameters andoperating costsof railways electric traction systemsare substantially dependent RELIABILITY OF CATENARY NETWORK CONSTRUCTION- conservation capacity of performances – - limited vulnerability to perturbations - increased reversibility to failures MAINTENANCE- quality of maintenance works - capacity of diagnosis - correlation of diagnosis and maintenance MODERN CONCEPTION ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE MONITORING SYSTEMS USED FOR CATENARY NETWORKS

9. Normal life Extended life Low life FAILURE S Superior diagnosis Mentenanta superioara Inferior diagnosis Inferior maintenance TIME CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION TRENDS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MAINTENANCE in terms of FINANCIAL and ECONOMIC Gradually excluding concepts type …COSTS – PERFORMANCES characterized by: ease in accepting bloated costs for eliminating all the potential risks, … provided initially valuable statistical studies, on which the systematic maintenance procedures have been established …but with some exaggerations … as expected, theoretically idealised, has been refuted in practice. Gradually excluding concepts type…COSTS – RISKS characterized by :raising the awareness of the technical condition , … based on surveillance and verification of functionality and wear. … correlated with the type and density of traffic and with the related disturbances and efforts, … updated and analysed one by one on sections, leads to lower the maintenance costs at acceptable risk limits. in terms of PROCEDURE and TECHNOLOGY Gradually excluding concepts type : SYSTEMATIC and CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE Progressive adopting : CONDITIONAL,FORECASTING AND AMELIORATIVE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES MODERN CONCEPTION ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE MONITORING SYSTEMS USED FOR CATENARY NETWORKS

10. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION 3. CURRENT TECHNOLOGIC AND LOGISTIC STAGE • A massive concentration of studies and theoretical research on the development of database structures, algorithms for statistical analysis of reliability, maintainability, quality, and forecasting the catenary behaviour. • Applicative technical research highly oriented towards computer equipments, mainly dedicated to the inspection of the catenary parameters and other parameters that can influence the quality of capture. Currently we find: • The ratio between the design and construction costs • of high performance systems, • and the costs due to their non-use is, in terms of management, net favourable to the massive refurbishment. MODERN CONCEPTION ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE MONITORING SYSTEMS USED FOR CATENARY NETWORKS

11. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION CURRENT DIAGNOSIS EQUIPMENT: MODERN CONCEPTION ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE MONITORING SYSTEMS USED FOR CATENARY NETWORKS

12. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION Conclusion about the EVOLUTION IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CATENARY: Related to the current requirements and performance: - The catenary still represents the most sensitive and difficult to control element in the railway traction systems. - This subsystem breakdowns create the most expensive and difficult to avoid emergency situations. • The allocation, even oversized, of maintenance equipment and specialists, but without the proper equipment to determine the frequently updated real technical conditionand the catenary behaviour prognosis is : - an economically inefficient solution, - procedurally inadequate, - technical underperforming, - absonant to the current requirements of quality, reliability, flow and transport safety. The main obstacle limiting the quality of maintenance management consists of the principled inability to perform an optimal coordination of work and, therefore, an effective cost control. The phenomenon is due to the fact that the available information are generally indirect, late, insufficient and inadequate.

13. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION 3.MODERN CONCEPTS REGARDING THE CATENARY NETWORKS MAINTENANCE the paper presents a methodology for the implementation and practical operation of the theoretical concept of “RETURN ON EXPERIENCE” – REX. • based on a concept of integrated and complex supervision, named • structure – ranking - equipment distribution – procedures – hardware – software • is of NEURAL NETWORK (RN) - SYSTEM EXPERT (SE) type • - characterized by: • Architecture: structured, hierarchical and technologically improved; • Operation: recurrent, gradually coordinated by self-training; • Equipment distribution: suitable for the catenary network; • Capacity to develop and transfer reports: on-line. features and IMPLEMENTATION - interconnection of a set of monitoring equipments and procedures, self-improvable and self-adaptable, providing effective capability to exercise a high quality and continuous perfectible maintenance management, with optimal executive potential. MODERN CONCEPTION ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE MONITORING SYSTEMS USED FOR CATENARY NETWORKS

14. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION MONITORING SYSTEM COMPONENTS MINIMAL DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT -EMD • Implemented, assigned by sections, for the minimal diagnostic of the catenary technical condition; Controlled by the SE and able to manage the minimal inspection program. • Self-trainable based on the analysis of inspections history . • Recording, processing and viewing of the information stored in the minimum punctual package of data (PMPD) • Always accessible for the maintenance team, being extremely useful in applying corrective operative procedures by the cycle detection - fix - test, in case of non-conformities identified on their route • create the conditions for actually applying REX in the operative practice; COMPLEX DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT- ECD • Unique on the network, installed on a laboratory wagon, to evaluate the technical condition of the catenary, with superior inspection performance, extended to all the analysis parameters and algorithms; • The investigation can be made with or without contact, the full recording provides a complex punctual package of data (PCPD) • is useful for the sweep of the catenary and for the commissioning of a new electrified railway section MODERN CONCEPTION ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE MONITORING SYSTEMS USED FOR CATENARY NETWORKS

15. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION MONITORING SYSTEM COMPONENTS QUALITY INSPECTION EQUIPMENT FOR ENERGY CAPTURE - EVQ • Implemented on the electric locomotives, used for automatic recording of the catenary warning indices and the dynamic parameters of the locomotive in the poor capture moments; • The data packages (PVPD) contains only the nonconformities and the running dynamic parameters. RN EQUIPMENT FOR INTERCONNECTION • Implementation of RN equipment, such that the SE module will be able: • - to acquire self-training information; • to be accessible to the distributed systems for REX and the modification of the imposed exigency parameters; • to manage on-line the entire inspection program; • to provide online status reports and technical forecasting of complex catenary networks, strictly dedicated to the user; • to draw-up adaptive-optimized programming reports for the works. MODERN CONCEPTION ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE MONITORING SYSTEMS USED FOR CATENARY NETWORKS

16. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION As a result of the procedure: - For a section (V) inspected in the points (1...m) of the route, at the time (T) it results the matrix of the measured values, MV,T(pkj). - Repeating the measurements at the times T1,T2,... Tx and comparing all the differences between the recorded values: with the values of minimum deviation, emergency warning and breakdown, Dm, Da, Ds, correlated with the times Tu when they occurred, we obtain the minimum time difference after which in the point (j) the parameter (Pk) was significantly changed in relation with the basis of comparison. - The algorithm is repeated for each point on the section and for each parameter, ultimately determining the minimum periods sought. - Running under self-improvement, allows optimal scheduling of the inspections and ensure, with a prescribed probability, the early detection of each change of parameter values.

17. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF CATENARY NETWORKS FOR RAILWAY ELECTRIC TRACTION 4. CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES • The proposed methodology provides the principles of digitizing applied: • to the inspection for a section of catenary, • to ensure continuity in the recovery of information, • to replace the continuous monitoring of the catenary with its episodic inspection • (within the imposed accuracy and requirements) Extending the reasoning for the catenary network, it can be optimized by setting up the “levels of competence” of the equipments and the ranking of the process monitoring through a RN • Technologically, the conclusion is that the implementation of RN and SE to be used for control and technical diagnosis: • generates appropriate conditions for the application of the monitoring methodology of the catenary networks, • creates the potential to improve and optimize the management of maintenance in a manner conceptually modern, scientifically and technologically underlain. MODERN CONCEPTION ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF THE MONITORING SYSTEMS USED FOR CATENARY NETWORKS

18. conclusion définitive Le panto doit suivre ... une instalation ... très capricieuse !!! dr. DD ... c'est peut-être la raison pourquoi ... la caténaire est ... féminin ! et le panto est ... masculine ! ... mais il doit suivre la locomotive ... une autre ... féminin !!! et parfois, quand il se détache de la lourde locomotive et il s'attache romantique à la souple caténaire Eh bien, donc, nous tous ... des ingénieurs manque de la noblesse ... et de la sensibilité de sentiment poétique ... sans admirer les feux d'artifice ... ... être humain...faire la preuve de compassion ! ... le pantographe est seul !!! ... sous haut tension !!! on dire qu'il s'agit d'un defaillance . . . entre deux . . . dynamiques et oscillantes  ! ! !