TEACHING APPROACH: LITERATURE

1. TEACHING APPROACH:LITERATURE DR.HUSNIAH SAHAMID UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA

2. Teaching Approach Moody (1983: 23) • to "provide a framework, or sequence of operations to be used when we come to actualities” • each approach has its own target or aim.Read more:

3. Differing Philosophies Richards and Rodgers (1986) • different philosophies • at level of approach • reflected through different types of activities • in different uses for activity types.

4. Importance • acquainted with variety of approaches, techniques, activities • stimulate and develop students' interest • knowledge of literature

5. Approaches: variety • Variety of approaches • Overlapping • Different names , almost similar approach • Selected approaches for discussion • Do own readings, references !

6. Teaching approaches : selected • 1. skills based approach • 2. information-based approach • 3. language-based approach • 4. personal response approach, • 5. paraphrastic approach, • 6. moral-philosophical approach • 7. stylistics approach

7. Literature in the Classroom • Regard inappropriate to the language classroom • Separation: - study of language & study of literature,  • integrated approach to teaching literature in the language classroom

8. 1. Skills Based Approach Purpose(s) for reading • gain information • verify existing knowledge • critique a writer's ideas or writing style. • Enjoyment • enhance knowledge language being read.

9. Purpose of Reading • determines the approach to reading comprehension • text :letters, words, sentences, paragraphs - encode meaning. AND • Reader uses knowledge, skills, and strategies • to determine what that meaning is.

10. Reading Resilience Develop skill of reading resilience: • ability to read and interpret • complex and demanding literary texts.

11. Decoding Skills • automatic word recognition • dependent on phonic knowledge • allows reader to attend to meaning • SO • slow, belabored decoding overloads • short-term memory and impedes comprehension.

12. Skills Based Approach • Reading skills: decoding, understanding • Hierarchy of Reading tasks • (Later: BarretsTaxonomy)

13. Encoding Skills • Writing tasks • Reading, writing • connections

14. Skills - based approach • Peceptual skills • Recognise • Identify

15. Activities • Keep a reading journal • use to map: • reflections, • improve reading practices and skills • understanding of reading text

16. 2. information-based approach • teaching knowledge about literature • source of information • examine history, historical background • characteristics of literary movements

17. 3. Language based approach • Incorporate language and literature syllabus • by studying the language.

18. 4 Personal response approach (Thematic approach) • Encourages learners’ active involvement • emotionally, intellectually, • draw own experiences, feelings, opinions also known as Thematic approach • texts chosen according to same theme compare to learner

19. 5. Paraphrastic approach • surface meaning of text • paraphrase , • re-word the story in simpler language • translating it into another language • beginners of target language

20. 6. moral-philosophical approach • read a particular literary text • search for moral values • awareness of values • assist students to understand themes in future readings.

21. 7. Stylistics Approach • closer understanding ,appreciation of literary text • combination of linguistic analysis • and literary critic (Lazar, 1993)

22. interpretation • make meaningful interpretations • Beyond surface meaning • An example of an activity?

23. Example: activity • Look at a text closely • Mark certain linguistic features • students to look at language features • extracting possible clues • contribute to meaning, interpretation of the text (Carter, 1996).

24. End of notes