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GMS Economic Corridor Development and Trade. By Arjun Goswami Director, Regional Cooperation and Operations Coordination Division, Southeast Asia Department Asian Development Bank. Presentation Outline. 1. GMS in a Nutshell 2. The Economic Corridor Approach
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GMS Economic Corridor Development and Trade By ArjunGoswami Director, Regional Cooperation and Operations Coordination Division, Southeast Asia Department Asian Development Bank
Presentation Outline • 1. GMS in a Nutshell • 2. The Economic Corridor Approach • 3. The Hard Infrastructure Component and Investments Impact of Corridor Development • 4. The EWEC: the first GMS economic corridor • 5. The Trade Impact of the EWEC • 6. The Poverty Reduction Impact of the EWEC
GMS Program in a Nutshell • Participating Countries: Cambodia, People’s Republic of China, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand, and Viet Nam • Strategic Priorities: • Vision – a more integrated, prosperous, and harmonious subregion • “3Cs” – Connectivity, Competitiveness, Community • GMS projects – totaled $14 billion as of end-2010
The Economic Corridor Approach Infrastructure is developed in specific geographical areas based on economic potential. Successful economic corridors serve as: • Links to major markets/corridor nodal points; • Arteries of trade, open opportunities for participation in regional and global value chains; • Catalyze private investment; • Provide demonstration effects; • Extend connectivity to remote locations.
Corridor development over time • First round of corridor investments: building the infrastructure base – mainly transport (bulk of GMS projects so far), then extends to other basic infra, e.g., power, telecoms • Subsequent development requires other investments: • Trade and logistics -- logistics facilities and services -- e.g., dry ports/inland container depots, warehouses, border SEZs, inter-modal transport links • Urban development -- utilities (urban water supply, power distribution, ICT), urban sanitation facilities, urban mass transport • Others – investments diversified across sectors in more advanced stages
East-West Economic Corridor VIE: East-West Corridor (Lao Bao-Dong Ha) LAO: East-West Corridor (Phin-Dansavanh) JBIC-assisted 2nd Mekong International Bridge With assistance from the Royal Thai Government JBIC-assisted Hai Van Tunnel Construction and Da Nang Port Improvement
Average Annual Growth Rate of Exports2000-2009 (in %) Figures are for the year 2000-2008. . Data Source: United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database. Growth rates calculated.
Export Performance of Thai–Lao EWEC Border Trade, 1997–2008 Source: EWEC Strategy and Action Plan
Poverty Reduction Impact of the EWEC Benefits from EWEC for Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR: • Travel time and cost savings – e.g., bus trip from border with Viet Nam to Savannakhet reduced from 12 to 3 hrs • New buildings, service and other commercial facilities along Route 9 • FDI: increased from US$18M to US$200M • New income/livelihood opportunities for villagers • Improved access to schools and safe water • Poverty incidence down by 35% in Savannakhet
Thank You For more information: on the GMS Program – visit http://www.adb.org/gms On the midterm review of the GMS strategy – visit http://www.adb.org/documents/reports/mid-term-review-gms/default.asp