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Land and Sea - Polar Ecosystems and Climate Change. Kathy Gorski Einstein Fellow NSF/Office of Polar Programs. IPY 1 - 1881 to 1884. First coordinated international effort Focus on meterology and geophysics Other events in history Jesse James is killed Twain publishes Huckleberry Finn
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Land and Sea - Polar Ecosystems and Climate Change Kathy Gorski Einstein Fellow NSF/Office of Polar Programs
IPY 1 - 1881 to 1884 • First coordinated international effort • Focus on meterology and geophysics • Other events in history • Jesse James is killed • Twain publishes Huckleberry Finn • Picasso is born • American Red Cross is established by Clara Barton
IPY 2 - 1932 to 1933 • Attention paid to good scientific process • Scientifically, still focused on meterology • Deliberate choice for one calendar year for IPY • Events in history • Great Depression • Lindbergh’s son kidnapped • FBI Crime Lab and Radio City Music Hall open • FDR’s first “Fireside Chats” • Construction begins for Golden Gatge Bridge
IPY 3 - 1957 to 1958 • Melds with IGY • Interest in ice depths develops • Events in history • Sputnik launches • “Leave it to Beaver” premieres • Pink Flamingoes are manufactured • “The Music Man” opens on Broadway • TANG breakfast crystals first introduced • The Jim Henson company is founded
IPY 4 - 2007 to 2008 • From March 2007 through March 2009 • Provides two research seasons at each pole • Projects >200 • People >50,000 • Countries >60
IPY Goals • Assess environmental status and change in polar regions • Understand past change and predict future change • Link between polar and global processes • Look for new frontiers in science exploration in polar regions • Use unique vantage point to observe Earth and space from poles • Examine human dimensions and sustainablity of circumpolar societies