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Cell Signaling. VI. CELL SIGNALING. Autocrine Signaling. VI. CELL SIGNALING, cont. Coordinates cell activities, development Typically involves 3 steps: Reception – Target cell’s detection of signal molecule due to binding of signal molecule to receptor protein in cell membrane
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VI. CELL SIGNALING • Autocrine Signaling
VI. CELL SIGNALING, cont • Coordinates cell activities, development • Typically involves 3 steps: • Reception – Target cell’s detection of signal molecule due to binding of signal molecule to receptor protein in cell membrane • Transduction – Binding of signaling molecule changes receptor protein; triggers a sequence of events within cell • Response – Results in specific cellular response; for example, activation of genes, enzyme catalysis, etc.
VI. CELL SIGNALING, cont • Reception • Typically involves G Proteins
VI. CELL SIGNALING, cont • Transduction • Typically multi-step pathway • Relay molecules are usually protein kinases
VI. CELL SIGNALING, cont • Transduction • Non-protein molecule known as cAMP is often second messenger
VI. CELL SIGNALING, cont • Response • Nuclear • May “turn on” or “turn off” genes • Cytoplasmic • May regulate enzyme activity • Apoptosis • Controlled cell suicide
VI. CELL SIGNALING, cont • Regulation