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The Cerebral Cortex

The Cerebral Cortex. “The Teen Brain”. Why was Ms. Jensen worried about her son? What is significant about teen’s frontal lobes ? What is the role of the frontal lobe? What are some teenage behaviors that this could help to explain?. Cerebral Cortex.

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The Cerebral Cortex

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  1. The Cerebral Cortex

  2. “The Teen Brain” • Why was Ms. Jensen worried about her son? • What is significant about teen’s frontal lobes? • What is the role of the frontal lobe? • What are some teenage behaviors that this could help to explain?

  3. Cerebral Cortex • The intricate fabric of interconnected neurons that form the body’s ultimate control and information processing center • Covers the brain’s lower level structures • Divided into four lobes and two halves

  4. Four Lobes • Frontal Lobes • Parietal Lobes • Occipital Lobes • Temporal Lobes

  5. Lobes of the Brain

  6. Longitudinal Fissure • The long crevice that divides the cerebral cortex into left and right hemispheres • This and other fissures in the brain create major divisions in the brain called lobes

  7. Frontal Lobes • The portion of the cerebral cortex lying just behind the forehead • Is involved in advanced cognitive processing, planning, and judgment. • Includes the motor cortex • Damage? paralysis and personality change

  8. Phineas Gage

  9. Motor Cortex • The strip of brain tissue at the rear of the frontal lobes. • Controls voluntary movement. • Different parts of the cortex control different parts of the body.

  10. How much brain tissue is dedicated to each part? • Face • Arms • Hips • Tongue • Toes • Fingers • Lips

  11. Why? What is the relationship? • Parts of the body that are capable of more intricate movements, demand more brain tissue.(examples: hands, face)

  12. Parietal Lobes • The portion of the cerebral cortex lying on the top of the head and toward the rear. • Includes the somatosensory cortex and general association areas used in processing information. • Damage? trouble with sensory perception

  13. More Pictures

  14. Occipital Lobes • The portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head. • It includes the primary visual processing areas of the brain. • Damage? - selective blindness, difficulty identifying color, difficulty recognizing moving objects, blindsight

  15. Temporal Lobes • Includes the auditory (hearing) areas of the brain. • Auditory areas -> process sound, language comprehension • facial recognition • connected to emotional limbic system • Damage? difficulty processing sounds, inability to recognize faces (Prosopagnosia), feelings of spirituality (temporal lobe epilepsy)

  16. Wernicke’s area • Location: Temporal Lobe - left hemisphere • Function: interprets the words that we hear or read • Damage: Wernicke’s Aphasia - impairment language comprehension • Symptoms: speech sounds normal but makes no sense

  17. Broca’s Area • Location: Frontal Lobe • Function: Generates any words that we speak • Damage: Broca’s Aphasia - able to comprehend speech but cannot express what they want to say

  18. Two Cerebral Hemispheres • Corpus callosum • Thick band of nerve fibers connecting the hemispheres • It’s how the 2 hemispheres communicate • Damage: disconnection between two sides of brain • Right-brained vs. left-brained? OR

  19. Left & Right Functions Test

  20. Brain Dominance

  21. What if you only had half a brain?

  22. Articles – Negative effects on our brains… • Teen Brain’s Ability to Learn Can Have a Flip Side • Concussions in Kids: What Is Not Being Addressed

  23. Exit Slip • How could damage to your frontal lobes effect you as an adult? • What are the real world consequences?

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