Pretty Ugly Literally

1. Literature Project Compiled by Group 3 of Ms. Maliha’s Group Pretty Ugly Literally To the Button Room

2. The Button Room Quranic Recitation Conflicts Genre Point of View Plot Setting Themes Significance of Title Personal Connect. Ques. Reality Ques. Character Devices Comic Relief

3. And through our loss … learn !! LEARN !!! And this is a true story But to all tyranny comes revolution Well you see there was a teacher .. One day she gave her class a project It Death can not be fought She taught literature ! is only This project was what we were forced to complete … Embraced We were forced to wear our bionic thinking caps !!! So learn my brothers ! LEARN !!! Oh the agony !!! The sheer thought kills me … It was hopeless … The torture ! Oh the torture !!!

4. And the mountains shall be as loosened wool. His abode shall be the abyss. Quranic Recitation He shall live a pleasant life (in paradise). Surah Qariya The Prophet (SAW) said The terrible calamity ! What is the terrible calamity! As for him whose measure of good deeds is light, A burning fire ! O people! The smartest among you is the one who remembers death the most, and the wisest among you is the one who is best ready for it. And what will make you know what it is? In the name of Allah, The Beneficent, the Merciful The day on which men shall be as scattered as moths, Then as for whom whose measure of good deeds is heavy, And what will make you comprehend what the terrible calamity is ? To the Button room.

5. Spare picture may be needed later

6. Setting Late 1920s/Early 1930s Hiruharama, north of Auckland, New Zealand The mood entering the middle phase of the plot develops a slightly sad essence as Tanner is unable to fulfill Kitty’s desire of forming a bond with his sister. Mood / Atmosphere The sister’s reply is both an year late and void of any particular enthusiasm. The mood initially has nostalgia as Mr. Tanner holds pride in declaring about his family’s accomplished lawyer. Small isolated, limited communication and transport options Society Place Time An element of desolation also be seen throughout the story as Kitty and Tanner are confined to a very isolated area over 10 – 12 miles from proper civilization. To the Button room. Question time

7. All of the characters in the story are relatively calm compared to Tanner. Conflicts Tanner and Kitty are relatively poor and isolated. He continues to fret and rush around trying to get things done before the babies arrives. Person Vs. Self Person Vs. Self He fights with himself over trivial matters like staying with Kitty to give her company or finishing chores. This was a minor conflict, as they never argue with Brinkman, they just ignore him. Their distance from a doctor makes the process of delivering the babies more difficult than it is in normal circumstances. However ,due to racing pigeons, they can communicate with the doctor if needed. Their distance from a doctor makes the process of delivering the babies more difficult than it is in normal circumstances. This was a minor conflict, as they never argue with Brinkman, they just ignore him. Person Vs. Person The night Kitty goes into labour, Brinkman, their neighbor arrives at their house for dinner. The struggle between opposing forces which the result depends upon. He fights with himself over trivial matters like staying with Kitty to give her company or finishing chores. Person Vs. Circumstances However ,due to racing pigeons, they can communicate with the doctor if needed. Brinkman almost demands dinner and refuses to leave without it. To the Button room.

8. However, that is out of his determination to help his wife to the best of his abilities. As they settle in, Kitty revealed that she is pregnant. Tanner Senior; The Protagonist of the story, was an orphan. When the doctor terms Brinkman as a crank, Tanner Sr. refers to him as more of a dreamer, which is, in comparison a nicer word to call a neighbour.01 Characters Mentally he is a very strong person who loves his wife which is proven by his apparent tension which he experiences for her during the pre-pregnancy preparation phase. A town local who is a pigeon-racing enthusiast, Parrish lends two racing pigeons to Tanner in order to contact the doctor if needed. During this period, he becomes much more nervous and fidgety, constantly running around and trying to get things done. As he arranges communication with the doctor. Tanner’s neighbour, he comes around twice every year to have dinner with them. The doctor Brinkman He also isn’t a person to insult many people around him. Although he is a pest, Tanner and Kitty manage to deliver the baby safely. He meets Kitty, his future wife while at work. He blatantly refuses to leave without food, complaining that he was counting on this dinner. She persuaded Tanner to learn how to write and formed his base on which he could anchor to. Tanner’s wife, she met him while working as a servant. Parrish Kitty During her pregnancy, she is remarkably calm and quiet. He is concise and to the point, and never wastes time. The local doctor has almost no business due to the low rates of illness in the area. However, by a coincidence, his visit is on the day that Kitty goes into labour. He is the one who finds that Tanner had accidentally thrown away the second baby and manages to save it. The Protagonist He was from Lincolnshire and was sent to New Zealand as an apprentice. To the Button room. Question time

9. Literary Devices: Significant Quotations Foreshadowing: “...Well don’t ask me if it’s going to be twins.” (409) Significance: This example of foreshadowing makes the reader want to read on and find out what exactly happens now that they have a clue or hint. Simile: “Tanner came out of the bedroom covered with blood, something like a butcher.” (412). Significance: This example of a simile makes the reader visualize how Tanner would look like at this point in the story. It also makes the story more poignant, showing the couple’s tribulations. Situational irony: “…Often by the time that I arrive I’m not needed.” (409) Significance: The doctor, in his conversation with Tanner mentions that most of the time, he is too late to be of any use. However he is the one that finds out that Tanner accidentally threw out the second twin. Situational irony: “…I’m going to look after the afterbirth. The father put it out with the waste.” (412) Significance: This example of situational irony supports the theme, ‘throw nothing away’, because he threw away the baby thinking that it was nothing but it ended up being very successful. Simile: “Tanner came out of the bedroom covered with blood, something like a butcher.” (412). Significance: This example of a simile makes the reader visualize how Tanner would look like at this point in the story. It also makes the story more poignant, showing the couple’s tribulations. Foreshadowing: “...Well don’t ask me if it’s going to be twins.” (409) (by doc) Significance: This example of foreshadowing makes the reader want to read on and find out what exactly happens now that they have a clue or hint. Situational irony: “…Often by the time that I arrive I’m not needed.” (409) Significance: The doctor, in his conversation with Tanner mentions that most of the time, he is too late to be of any use. However he is the one that finds out that Tanner accidentally threw out the second twin. Situational irony: “…I’m going to look after the afterbirth. The father put it out with the waste.” (412) Significance: This example of situational irony supports the theme, ‘throw nothing away’, because he threw away the baby thinking that it was nothing but it ended up being very successful. “Tanner turned over in his mind what he’d said to his wife when she told him she was going to have a child.” (409) Significance: Tanner already feels the strain of being responsible for a child, even though it is months away. This leads him to prepare for the baby hurriedly 2. “Parrish didn’t mind, because Hiruharama, Tanner’s place was on more or less direct line from Awanui to Te Paki, and that was the line his pigeons flew” (410) Significance: Parrish has allowed Tanner to use his pigeons to communicate with the doctor, unknowingly aiding him in saving his second twin’s life.

10. Main Themes Big things may come from small beginnings. Always be prepared for the unexpected. Throw nothing away. The baby they (tanner and Kitty) accidently threw away ended up becoming the most successful person in the family. When they learn that Kitty is expecting children Tanner has to go into a mad rush to prepare. At the end of the story Tanner makes this his motto after accidently throwing away a baby. To the Button room. Question time

11. But became more of a servant than anything. But she too was another victim of societies misconceptions. The tanners learn never to throw away anything ! When Tanner Sr. starts to complain he finds out his hunger shall not be filled here. Due to the weak financial position after marriage Tanner Sr. and Kitty live in a remote area. The doctor prescribes his wife some medicine. He was sent as an apprentice to a family in Auckland from Lincolnshire. Meanwhile the Doctor looks into other matters. Brinkman ,still present keeps complaining. Soon Tanner Sr. And Kitty run away and get married after Tanner Sr. had saved enough. The doctor does not turn up in time and it appears that Kitty becomes the mother of a girl .. Therefore, Kitty had become mother of twin girls! Exposition: He believes he can call the doctor with these when Kitty is unwell. The doctor advices him to ask a neighbor to mind the house while his wife is unable to … Tanner Sr. sends for the doctor through his borrowed pigeons when Kitty is unwell. Tanner borrows some “Blue Chequers” from a man named Parrsih. Tanner Sr. consults the doctor about this … The short story starts with Mr. tanner. This place is North of Awanui … Tanner Sr. at the same time writes to his sister as well for a book during this difficult period. But the closest thing he has to a neighbor is Brinkman. The background of his orphan grandfather (Tanner Sr.)is discussed . Conclusion Soon the weak relations between Tanner Sr. and his sister are as well introduced. Initial Incident The second daughter (smaller twin) grew into a lawyer whom Tanner is highly proud of. Here he met kitty … She thought she was sent Auckland to become a governess. Falling action This place is Hiruharama … Resolution Rising Actions Climax Mr. tanner explains how he had a lawyer in his family. As Kitty is unwell Brinkman arrives for his half yearly dinner. The doctor arrives with the nurse(his wife’s widowed sister) and the nurse goes to help Kitty . Soon it is made known that Kitty is going to have a baby. The doctor discovers that there was a smaller twin which Tanner Sr. had threw away thinking of it as afterbirth. To the Button room. Question time

12. He tries to get into a conversation with the nurse in the hope of getting intimate but nurse’s response is like a deathblow to him ‘Suit yourself’. Although the comic composition may take on some serious material, MOST have a happy ending. Genre ‘Two more women born into this world! It must have seemed to him that if this sort of thing went on there should be good chance, in the end, for him to acquire one for himself.’ The main idea behind the whole story was to give a reason how the Tanner family ended up with a lawyer they could trust in legal matters. Comedy is a genre of literary composition that uses humor as a driving force. There are many instances in the story where humor can be identified clearly and every now and then a smile or laugh crosses the reader’s countenance. The reader cannot help smiling in the end when one gets to know that the whole composition was just because of such a trivial thing, and sighs. The whole idea of short story is quite humorous because it is a good example of circumlocution. Moreover, Brinkman’s comment of being categorized as one of the perpetually welcome and introducing himself to the nurse, a woman in particular, is also somewhat hilarious. Furthermore, towards the end of the story the last comments about Brinkman are humorous. The genre of the short story ‘At Hiruharama’ is comedy. The funny thing here is the lack of interest of nurse in the poor Brinkman, lonely and desperate for a girl. The aim of a comedy is to illicit laughter from the audience through entertaining stories and characters. An example of this could be when the doctor assures Mr. Tanner about communication as by the time he arrives, he is no more needed. To the Button room. Question time

13. Question time Ask Quick 57 55 53 79 90 54 59 44 07 49 27 47 43 17 13 48 15 41 31 05 42 45 69 88 74 19 51 50 03 34 72 32 58 70 52 73 33 71 76 77 78 30 37 36 35 75 14 67 89 40 46 25 56 39 38 28 09 60 62 63 61 68 29 04 81 87 86 84 85 22 21 20 83 80 82 26 65 66 64 23 24 12 16 02 01 06 18 11 10 00 08 To the Button room.

14. Question time Ask Quick 57 55 53 79 90 54 59 44 07 49 27 47 43 17 13 48 15 41 31 05 42 45 69 88 74 19 51 50 03 34 72 32 58 70 52 73 33 71 76 77 78 30 37 36 35 75 14 67 89 40 46 25 56 39 38 28 09 60 62 63 61 68 29 04 81 87 86 84 85 22 21 20 83 80 82 26 65 66 64 23 24 12 16 02 01 06 18 11 10 00 08 To the Button room.

15. Question time Ask Quick 57 55 53 79 90 54 59 44 07 49 27 47 43 17 13 48 15 41 31 05 42 45 69 88 74 19 51 50 03 34 72 32 58 70 52 73 33 71 76 77 78 30 37 36 35 75 14 67 89 40 46 25 56 39 38 28 09 60 62 63 61 68 29 04 81 87 86 84 85 22 21 20 83 80 82 26 65 66 64 23 24 12 16 02 01 06 18 11 10 00 08 To the Button room.

16. Question time Ask Quick 57 55 53 79 90 54 59 44 07 49 27 47 43 17 13 48 15 41 31 05 42 45 69 88 74 19 51 50 03 34 72 32 58 70 52 73 33 71 76 77 78 30 37 36 35 75 14 67 89 40 46 25 56 39 38 28 09 60 62 63 61 68 29 04 81 87 86 84 85 22 21 20 83 80 82 26 65 66 64 23 24 12 16 02 01 06 18 11 10 00 08 To the Button room.

17. Question time Ask Quick 57 55 53 79 90 54 59 44 07 49 27 47 43 17 13 48 15 41 31 05 42 45 69 88 74 19 51 50 03 34 72 32 58 70 52 73 33 71 76 77 78 30 37 36 35 75 14 67 89 40 46 25 56 39 38 28 09 60 62 63 61 68 29 04 81 87 86 84 85 22 21 20 83 80 82 26 65 66 64 23 24 12 16 02 01 06 18 11 10 00 08 To the Button room.

18. Question time Ask Quick 57 55 53 79 90 54 59 44 07 49 27 47 43 17 13 48 15 41 31 05 42 45 69 88 74 19 51 50 03 34 72 32 58 70 52 73 33 71 76 77 78 30 37 36 35 75 14 67 89 40 46 25 56 39 38 28 09 60 62 63 61 68 29 04 81 87 86 84 85 22 21 20 83 80 82 26 65 66 64 23 24 12 16 02 01 06 18 11 10 00 08 To the Button room.

19. Question time Ask Quick 57 55 53 79 90 54 59 44 07 49 27 47 43 17 13 48 15 41 31 05 42 45 69 88 74 19 51 50 03 34 72 32 58 70 52 73 33 71 76 77 78 30 37 36 35 75 14 67 89 40 46 25 56 39 38 28 09 60 62 63 61 68 29 04 81 87 86 84 85 22 21 20 83 80 82 26 65 66 64 23 24 12 16 02 01 06 18 11 10 00 08 To the Button room.

20. Question time Ask Quick 57 55 53 79 90 54 59 44 07 49 27 47 43 17 13 48 15 41 31 05 42 45 69 88 74 19 51 50 03 34 72 32 58 70 52 73 33 71 76 77 78 30 37 36 35 75 14 67 89 40 46 25 56 39 38 28 09 60 62 63 61 68 29 04 81 87 86 84 85 22 21 20 83 80 82 26 65 66 64 23 24 12 16 02 01 06 18 11 10 00 08 To the Button room.

21. Question time Ask Quick 57 55 53 79 90 54 59 44 07 49 27 47 43 17 13 48 15 41 31 05 42 45 69 88 74 19 51 50 03 34 72 32 58 70 52 73 33 71 76 77 78 30 37 36 35 75 14 67 89 40 46 25 56 39 38 28 09 60 62 63 61 68 29 04 81 87 86 84 85 22 21 20 83 80 82 26 65 66 64 23 24 12 16 02 01 06 18 11 10 00 08 To the Button room.

22. Question time Ask Quick 57 55 53 79 90 54 59 44 07 49 27 47 43 17 13 48 15 41 31 05 42 45 69 88 74 19 51 50 03 34 72 32 58 70 52 73 33 71 76 77 78 30 37 36 35 75 14 67 89 40 46 25 56 39 38 28 09 60 62 63 61 68 29 04 81 87 86 84 85 22 21 20 83 80 82 26 65 66 64 23 24 12 16 02 01 06 18 11 10 00 08 To the Button room.

23. Question linking to reality …. In what ways does the story remind you of real-life experiences or historical events? What does the story reveal to us about the human condition? Support with solid proof from the text. The short story ‘At Hiruharama’ is a well-crafted anecdote which sustains the reader’s interest through realistic portrayal of life’s obstructions and queer human behaviors accordingly, despite its unwinding plot. Mr. Tanner is utterly confused what to say or do about the pregnancy. He rushes to the doctor, demands about death statistics, hastily arranges essential things for delivery and communication with doctor. Furthermore, another important fact is highlighted in the story which is marriage between people of same profession who usually meet at a common place, once in a while. The tale has no extraordinary characters or a sensual plot, it just comprises of quotidian, innocent humans essaying against the vicissitudes of nature and a prosaic plot. This illusion prevails in contemporary life as well. Mostly the rural people migrate to urban areas in search of respectable jobs with adequate pay and some for modern education and training, but they are forced to work as servants due to the highly competent urban atmosphere. From the very inception, the story comments on real-life incidents and reflects practical occurrences. The writer also comments on the reactions of young couples when they realize about an upcoming guest to their family. Even now young couples are all hyped up about their first born and make haste for maternal arrangements and stuff. Thus, the story reflects a very persistent and prevailing fact about marriages in real-life. This haste soon fades away with the passage of time as they become experienced. Thirdly, in ‘The Inheritance Of Loss’ the girl falls in love with her tutor who came to teach her, but at intervals and not everyday. The beauty of this story lies in the fact that it provides an insight into the human conditions, feelings and comportments during distinct situations in a simply remarkable manner. This fact is even witnessed in real-life, for instance, artists acting in the same film usually develop love bonds. Thus all their dreams and hopes shatter and they work as servants while their families in rural areas wrongly perceive them to be a highly trained employee in a prestigious firm, as seen in the case of Mr. Tanner and his sister. Mr. Tanner and Kitty met at a dry goods store and were of the same profession. This fact can be complimented by incidents from renowned novels. In ‘Eragon’ by Christopher Paolini, the protagonist’s brother meets his love every year during the trading season when there is a carnival in Carvahall where foreign merchants come for trading. In ‘The Painted House’ by John Grisham, several groups of people are summoned during the harvest season to pick cotton and the two characters from different groups of cotton pickers fall in love like the Mexican and Highlanders. Some human behaviors never change no matter how advanced the era becomes. Similarly, people working on a common project might get to know each other well and decide to tie the knot. Mr. Tanner, being an orphan, was sent to an opulent family as a potential trainee. Instead, he turned out to be their servant doing small household chores. This fact is even witnessed in real-life, for instance, artists acting in the same film usually develop love bonds. To the Button room. Question time

24. Personal Connection Question The short story ‘At Hiruharama’ by Penelope Fitzgerald is a sheer example of conflicts amongst humans and surroundings and a person’s struggle for survival through any means available. The situational constraints and hindrance from the atmosphere to accomplish one’s goals and tasks has a negative impact on a person. In addition, the whole area has only one doctor and that too, miles away from Tanner’s dwelling to reach on time. Do you think that the atmosphere and surroundings a person dwells in affect their behavior and activities? What effect do the situational constraints have on a person’s mood, feelings and actions? Explain how you can relate to the short story in this context. The setting and more specifically, the background where a person lives is an integral part of his life, his mood, his feelings, his activities and his comportment. It is seen that odds are seriously against him but still he manages to stabilize the situation, though not completely. It makes him irritable and vexed and he loses the vibrancy of his life. The tone becomes harsh, all courtesy vanishes and anger is all that remains. In addition to all that, Tanner is burdened with all the household chores and preparations for Kitty’s delivery. Moreover, communication and commuting is very difficult as seen by the fact that doctor always comes by the time he is not needed and Tanner communicated to the doctor through a chain of messengers: first the pigeons who fly to the second messenger which is the Maori boy who finally conveys the message to the doctor. They define the nature of a person and leave a durable impact on their personality. Everything he did was in a hurry which even led to the main reason for the whole narration (second daughter) thrown away as an afterbirth. He owns a vehicle (a dray) which is so threatening and dangerous that the doctor forbids Tanner to bring his wife in that thing. It seems that nature is strictly working against Tanner’s interests which affected his behavior in many ways. An element of haste was added to his actions. Environmental factors account for numerous changes in a person throughout life. It is the surroundings which define the level of harshness a person is to face in his life. They have the tendency to produce cheery people out of the most serious personas and vice versa. The most significant of these is the hardships faced by Mr. Tanner while preparing and worrying for Kitty in labor. In contrast, if the atmosphere is suitable for a person’s activities and supports him in every way possible, becomes a bed of roses for him. His actions and exertions completely depend on the challenges thrown at him by life through obtrusive surroundings and malicious atmosphere. Furthermore, the area where he lives is well known for its loneliness so nobody is available to take care of Kitty while he is away. He becomes complacent and content. Eyes sparkle with spirit and liveliness and everyone and everything becomes beautiful for him. The short story is replete with examples of man in conflict with nature and external factors constantly obstructing man’s way to achieve the desired goal. To the Button room. Question time

25. Point of View The narrator tells the story as Mr. Tanner's ancestors where the emotions and feelings of the narrator have not been shown very clearly. The difficulty Tanner had to face while living in a remote area and how he coped up with it while his twins were born. Then the narrator tells about the Tanner’s ancestry, how they settled at Hiruharama In it, the narrator folds the whole story around the fact that how a lawyer is included in the Tanners family as “at Hiruharama” starts from this fact only. To the Button room. Question time

26. Significance of Title "At Hiruharama" signifies that the whole problem/plot and climax of the story is because Hiruharama was a remote place and less help was available there so Tanner did have problem in arranging help for himself and Kitty. It gives a rather unique essence to the story. Not only is “At Hiruharama” a main part of the story … it is also a name that give the reader no definite idea as to what lies ahead . Encouraging the reader to read ahead and in the end have no objections or claims that the title is irrelevant. It is basically a medium where Tanner Sr. experiences the latter half of his difficult life. To the Button room. Question time