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Comprehensive Guide to Spectroscopy Techniques in Chemistry

Explore the world of spectroscopy methods where electromagnetic radiation interacts with chemical molecules. Learn about energy transitions, quantum concepts, and different types of spectroscopy, from absorption to emission. Discover the electromagnetic spectrum and its applications in various regions, such as X-ray, UV/Visible, Infrared, Microwave, and Radio Frequency.

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Comprehensive Guide to Spectroscopy Techniques in Chemistry

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  1. 441 Chem CH-1 • Introduction to Spectroscopy

  2. Introduction to Spectroscopy Set of methods where interaction of electromagnetic radiation with chemical molecules. Electromagnetic Radiation • = Frequency of Radiation (Hertz or S-1) • l= Wave Length (cm) • V = Wave Number (cm-1) • C = Velocity of light (constant) = 3 x 1010 cm/sec

  3. The energy of quantum: h (Planck's constant) = 6.62 x 10-27 (Erg/sec)

  4. The Electromagnetic Spectrum Frequency (n) high low high low Energy MICRO- WAVE X-RAY ULTRAVIOLET INFRARED RADIO FREQUENCY Nuclear magnetic resonance Vibrational infrared Visible Ultraviolet 2.5 mm 15 mm 1 m 5 m 200 nm 400 nm 800 nm BLUE RED Wavelength (l) short long

  5. Internal Energy of Molecules: Etotal= Eelec+Evib+Erot Eelec: Electronic transitions Evib: Vibrational transitions Erot: Rotational transitions The Excitation process

  6. 1.0 Absorbance 0.0 200 800 400 Wavelength,  • Type of Spectroscopy: • 1- Emission Spectroscopy • 2- Absorption Spectroscopy Absorption Spectroscopy

  7. Types of Energy Transitions in Each Region of the Electromagnetic Spectrum REGION ENERGY TRANSITIONS X-ray Bond-breaking Electronic UV/Visible Infrared Vibrational Microwave Rotational • Nuclear and Electronic Spin RadioFrequency

  8. Summary of Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry

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