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Understanding the Three Branches of Government

Learn about the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches of government in this informative video. Discover their powers, roles, and responsibilities, and how they work together to uphold the constitution.

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Understanding the Three Branches of Government

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  1. THE THREE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT * Legislative * Executive * Judicial Watch Video People Trying to Name Three Branches

  2. THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH House of Representatives and Senate

  3. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH • Also called Congress. • Meet in the Capitol Building in Washington, DC. House Senate Watch 3D Video of Capital Building

  4. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH • Bicameral - 2 Houses • House of Representatives • Senate • Responsibility is to make (create) laws. • Dual Role - constituents needs & wants and considering what is good for nation as a whole. Watch Congressman helps Constituents video

  5. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES • 435 Seats • Number of seats determined by state population. • 19 Committees - 84 sub-committees • Referred to as the “lower” house. • Leader is called Speaker of the House. Watch John Boehner Video

  6. HOUSE OF REPRESENATIVES • Has sole power to Impeach President. • All bills to raise money must come from the House of Representatives. • All bills (laws) must pass in the House before going to the President.

  7. SENATE • 100 seats -2 seats per state - separate vote • 16 Committees and 69 sub- committees • Referred to as the “upper” house • Vice President is President of Senate but NO vote unless a tie. • Leader = President pro tempore • Nicknamed “Millionaires Club”

  8. SENATE • Power to try impeachment - 2/3rd vote • Senate approval needed on bills to raise money. • All laws must pass in the Senate before going to the President. Watch Nixon Favors Watergate Investigation Watch Senate Announces Watergate Findings

  9. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH • Powers of Congress • Oversee elections • Set rules within the legislative branch • To tax, to borrow money, to coin money • Set rules of naturalization • Regulate commerce • Establish Post Offices Congressman Weiner Lied About Sending photos to Women. Asked to resign Congress.

  10. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH • Powers continued…. • To declare war • To raise and support armies • To make all laws that are necessary and proper

  11. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH • Powers that Congress DOES NOT have.. • Can not suspend Habeas Corpus • Can not tax inter-state commerce • Can not take money from treasury unless a law is passed to do so • Can not give a title of nobility Habeas Corpus Video

  12. THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH

  13. EXECUTIVE BRANCH • Responsible for enforcing the laws. • President is the head of the Executive Branch. • President provides leadership by setting goals and developing policy. Role of President Video

  14. EXECUTIVE BRANCH • Must be a natural born citizen • Must be at least 35 years old • Must be 14 years a resident within the United States • Term is for 4 years - only 2 in a row • Must give state of the union to Congress Presidential Protection Video

  15. EXECUTIVE BRANCH • Must take an oath as follows, “I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States”

  16. EXECUTIVE BRANCH • Powers of the President…. • Commander and Chief of the Army and Navy • Can grant pardons and Can veto laws. • Can call Congress into session. • Make treaties, appoint Supreme Court Justices and Ambassadors - Senate approval Girl Gets Pardon for Skipping School Video

  17. EXECUTIVE BRANCH • Can be impeached for the following reasons: • Treason • Bribery • Other high Crimes and Misdemeanors

  18. EXECUTIVE BRANCH • President creates cabinet - advisors • Department of State, Treasury, Interior, Agriculture, Justice, Labor, Commerce, Veterans’ Affairs, Defense, Health and Human Services, Housing and Urban Development, Transportation, Energy, Education and NOW Homeland Security Cabinet –Advisors or friends who help the Presidents make decisions. Watch Obama’s Cabinet Video

  19. THE JUDICIAL BRANCH US Court of Appeals Judge Lisa Godby Brunswick State Courts

  20. JUDICIAL BRANCH • Responsible for interpreting the law in regards to the Constitution • Final court of appeals for state and federal cases. • Supreme Court justices are appointed by the President, approved by the Senate, and they hold their office for life or retirement. Watch Supreme Court to Rule on Violent Video Games $1000 Fine Parent Store

  21. JUDICIAL BRANCH • Currently - 9 Justices - only can be changed by Constitutional Amendment • Justices hear 150 cases per year - over 5000 requests • 4 Justices need to agree to hear a case • Session is October through June • Removed by impeachment or conviction

  22. JUDICIAL BRANCH • Qualifications - nothing listed in the Constitution • Unofficial qualifications are: • Politically active • Lawyer or Lower Court Judge • Same political party as the President Watch Man on Trial Taunts the Judge Man who Taunted Judge Gets His Sentence

  23. JUDICIAL BRANCH • Article III is where we define treason. • Treason = committing an overt action - it must be seen • Talking about treason is not a crime • Can not punish family Born and Raised in California 1st American accused of treason since 1952 Adam Gahdan American Who Joined with Bin Laden

  24. JUDICIAL BRANCH • Judicial Act of 1789 • Created three part court system • Established the Office of Attorney General • Job of Attorney General is to represent the USA in the Supreme Court and to be a legal advisor to the Executive Branch Watch Eric Holder Attorney General

  25. JUDICIAL BRANCH

  26. JUDICIAL BRANCH • Civil Cases - sue, divorce, contracts, any case that does not involve a crime • Criminal Cases - commit a crime • Defendant - the person on trial • Plaintiff - person who brought case to court • Prosecutor - represents city, state, people in a criminal case Women Sues Ex-boyfriend video

  27. JUDICIAL BRANCH • Influences on the Court • Precedents - past decisions • Personal legal views - strict interpretation means to look at intent of founding fathers - broad interpretation means you need to take into account changes in society • Justices interaction “Reasonable Suspicion” School searches cell phones for bullying and sexting

  28. JUDICIAL BRANCH • Influences continued…… • Public Opinion, Congress, and the President Columbine High School Video

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