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Turtle Time

Turtle Time. Created by Kevin H. Max C. Sabrina V. Lillie A. and Liz H. Thesis.

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Turtle Time

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  1. Turtle Time Created by Kevin H. Max C. Sabrina V. Lillie A. and Liz H.

  2. Thesis After the successful Allied invasion of Sicily, the allies advance through mainland Italy’s critically overstretched German military commitments in Europe. This makes Italy more vulnerable to another massive Allied Invasion in Normandy and unable to resist the increasingly unstoppable Red Army in the east, eventually leading to the destruction of Nazi Germany.

  3. The Italian Campaign: The Beginning

  4. The War Before the Campaign • Italy suffered humiliating defeats in North Africa and Mediterranean • The leading Allied powers U.S. and Great Britain, in order to defeat the Axis powers of Italy and Germany, planned to invade Italy • Beyond their goal of crushing Italian Axis forces, the Allies wanted to draw German troops away from the main Allied advance, which was planned to be in Northern France, and ease pressure of the invading Soviets in the east

  5. Graphics

  6. Timeline 1943 • Allies plan and execute decisive Invasion of Sicily, by tricking the German and Italian military into thinking they would invade Sardinia first, then Sicily - Allies do the opposite • Invasion of Sicily is the final straw for the Italian people, popular uprising and new government opens peace talks with the Allied war council - Mussolini is deposed • Allies land in Mainland Italy at Salerno and Taranto, begin pusing north • German Army invades Italy and reestablishes puppet state with Mussolini in charge in the North 1944 • Allies advance to first major German defensive line, the Gustav Line, and intense fighting at Anzio • Allies bomb German stronghold Monte Cassino - eventually, the allies break through and Polish troops secure Cassino • Allied army secures Rome • Allies advance to second major Defensive line: Gothic Line; they eventually break through 1945 • Large allied offensive in Northern Italy begins • Mussolini is captured by Communist partisans who “accidentally” shoot him, his body is hung upside down in Milan • German military in Italy formally surrenders

  7. Key, Relevant Details The Italian Campaign was an unplanned substitute for the planned invasion of Germany through northern France. Marks Canada’s longest World War 2 campaign The Italians were not keen on participating, but were forced to by Hitler Made use of the Axis Winter Line, 3 fortified lines in Western Italy, commanded by Albert Kesselring.

  8. Battle of Monte Cassino A series of Allied assaults to the German-Italian Winter Line to allow a breakthrough to Rome. Involved were Great Britain, British India, the United States, Free France, Free Polish Forces, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa, and the Italian Royalist Army. Begun on January 17, 1944 by a British attack on the Garigliano River. Critical strategic fortress which would prove crucial to breaking the first German/Italian defensive line in Italy - the Gustav Line Resulted in an Allied victory, but came with heavy losses.

  9. Meme Break!

  10. Important Leaders

  11. General George Patton • American four star General • Military Genius • Anti Semitic and racist leanings caused controversy during the Sicily Campaign • Given the nickname “Old Blood and Guts” • Olympic athlete in the pentathlon • Went to West Point Military Academy- repeated his first year

  12. American General, commanded Ally troops during the italian campaign Captured Rome, Fascist Italy’s Capital, in mid 1944, followed by receiving surrender of German Forces just under one year later One of Hitler’s top defensive strategist He managed a highly successful defensive campaign in Italy until he was seriously wounded when his staff car collided with a heavy gun in transit. Mark W. Clark Commander Kesselring Benito Mussolini An Italian political leader who became the fascist dictator of Italy Relied on HItler to prop up his leadership during World War II. He was killed shortly after the German surrender in Italy in 1945.

  13. Heinrich von Vietinghoff Rodolfo Graziani German commander best known for leading German and Italian troops during the Italian Campaign and his defense at the Gothic line Joined the army when he was 15 and lied about his age Commanded several different regiment and earned the nickname “tank breaker” Reigned as Italian governor during the North African Campaign Minister of Defense of the German puppet government Served in World War I and became the commander in chief of the Italian forces Imprisoned and released in 1950 only to become the leader of an Italian neo fascist movement

  14. The Aftermath

  15. The effects on both sides THE ALLIES: Removed a major axis power from the war, allied powers could now focus on defeating Germany Gained near total control of Mediterranean sea routes, improving trade logistics Overstretched German forces in Europe, making them much more vulnerable to Soviet forces in the east and Operation Overlord THE AXIS: Position in Europe severely weakened Collapse of Fascist Italy Puts Germany on the defensive on both fronts in Europe - VERY IMPORTANT

  16. Interesting Facts -Mussolini really wanted to rebuild the Roman Empire and reconquer the “lost Roman territories” but that seriously failed. -Mussolini never got rid of the old Italian king, and when the allies invaded Sicily, the king ordered Mussolini’s arrest which started a civil war -General Sir Archibald Wavell, the British general in the Middle East, was once quoted saying (in regards to Mussolini’s hesitation to enter WW2) "I think he must do something. If he cannot make a graceful dive, he will at least have to jump in somehow; he can hardly put on his dressing-gown and walk down the stairs again." -Italy was generally considered to be the “soft underbelly” of the Axis forces in Europe because of how weak their military was

  17. Propaganda Dropped in May 1944, this German leaflet depicts Death as a skeleton measuring how long it’ll take the Allies to advance from Salerno to Cassino. It implies that taking Italy entirely would take until 1948, and they would reach Berlin in 1952. In the back it read: “After 8 months of murderous fighting the Allies have got as far as Cassino. And the price? About 1000 casualties! The bee line to Northern Italy is still more than 6 times 123 kilometers. That means a further advance of more than 6 times 8 months! That means another 7 long years of bloodshed.”

  18. Sources -https://nzhistory.govt.nz/war/the-italian-campaign/timeline -https://www.history.co.uk/history-of-ww2/allied-invasion-of-italy -https://www.britannica.com/biography/George-Smith-Patton -http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/interactive/animations/wwtwo_map_italy/index_embed.shtml -https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mark-Clark -https://www.psywar.org/content/cassino -https://ww2db.com/battle_spec.php?battle_id=312 -https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/italian-campaign -https://nekropole.info/en/Heinrich-von-Vietinghoff

  19. PICTURE SOURCES • https://cdn.theatlantic.com/assets/media/img/photo/2011/09/world-war-ii-the-north-african-campaign/w01_11271293-1/original.jpg • https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/83Ythcb3S1-EK7MQQyhPZFMhJ7w=/0x0:3439x2744/1200x675/filters:focal(1444x1097:1994x1647)/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/61625801/2668817.0.0.0.0.jpg • https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/92nd-Divisionmassaitaly1944.jpg/1200px-92nd-Divisionmassaitaly1944.jpg • http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/infocus/ww2_16/w09_30801019.jpg • https://nzhistory.govt.nz/files/hero_italy-004.jpg • https://nzhistory.govt.nz/files/styles/fullsize/public/images/stories/italy/italy-011.jpg?itok=eFIwILzj • https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/SC180476.jpg • https://i.ytimg.com/vi/en3aXU_538U/maxresdefault.jpg • https://i.pinimg.com/originals/a8/e0/eb/a8e0eb937aa31836f738d358064db06d.jpg • https://www.salegion.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/11667532_722364734541852_1087049414005004796_n-570x350.jpg • https://i.pinimg.com/originals/9c/30/4b/9c304bc3bee21746a655750529eafa3f.jpg • https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-567-1503A-07%2C_Gran_Sasso%2C_Mussolini_mit_deutschen_Fallschirmj%C3%A4gern.jpg

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