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Explore the well-planned transport system of living organisms, focusing on the vital role of blood as a carrier in the circulatory system. Discover the main components - blood, blood vessels, and heart - and their functions in transporting materials throughout the body. Learn about blood plasma, blood cells, and the process of blood clotting, while challenging your knowledge with insightful questions and answers. Understand the impact of solutions on red blood cells and delve into blood grouping, ABO blood types, and agglutination reactions. Enhance your understanding of the body's intricate transport system through this comprehensive study.
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Blood Subject: CE Biology
Transport System • Q: Guess how much time it takes from from Kowloon to Hong Kong? a) in 1900 b) in 1950 c) in 2000 • Q: What makes the difference?
Circulatory System • The same idea of TRANSPORT applies to LIVING ORGANISMS • We need TRANSPORT when • 2 cells are far from each other • materials needed to be moved from one place to another • huge sum of substances to be moved
3 Main Components • BLOOD...........(as a carrier or medium) • BLOOD VESSELS......(as a network) • HEART...............................(as a pump)
Plasma Blood cells A Centrifuge for separation
Blood Plasma • Plasma is approx. 55% by vol. and contains • WATER (as a solvent) • SOLUBLE SUBSTANCES (eg. glucose, amino acids) • nutrients • wastes (eg. CO2, urea, excess minerals) • plasma protein (blood clotting) • hormones (internal messenger) • antibodies (defense mechanism)
Blood Cells • Blood cells is approx. 45% by vol. and contains • Red Blood Cells • contain hemoglobin(or blood pigment) • require Iron(Ferric ion or Fe2+) • White Blood Cells • digest dead cell or pathogens • produce antibodies • Platelets • agent for initializing blood clotting
White blood cells The clotting of blood (plasma protein) Red blood cells
Challenge Q-1 Q-2 Q-3 Q-4 Q-5
Q-1: What’s the purpose of adding Sodium Oxalate solution in the treatment of a fresh sample of blood ? Ans:Slow down the processes of blood clotting to allow the conduction of this experiment.
Q-2: In tube D, state with reasons to explain the effect of adding distilled water to the oxalated blood sample? Ans: Distilled water is hypotonic to the cytoplasm of the red blood cells , so they burst.
Q-3: In tube D, what was the substance that give a homogenous pink colour to the solution? Ans: Since the red blood cells burst in hypotonic solution, all the hemoglobin molecules leaked out.
Q-4: Which component of the blood sample formed the red sediment at the bottom of tube E? Ans: It is red blood cells that carrying hemoglobin give the red colour. They settled at the bottom since the solution is hypertonic.
Q-5: What can you conclude about the function of blood by studying the observation in tube F and G? Ans: The main function of the red blood cells is to exchange O2 with CO2on the respiratory surface and carry them to body tissues.
The process that enable the movement of materials (or molecules) in simple organisms. OSMOSIS Effects of hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic solutions on red blood cells.
Blood Grouping The ABO Blood Group
