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Wheelock XXIII

Wheelock XXIII. Participles. Participles. Participles are verbal adjectives a loving mother, a shaved face That is, adjectives formed from a verb stem Most verbs have four participles: present active, future active, perfect passive, and future passive (also called the gerundive ).

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Wheelock XXIII

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  1. Wheelock XXIII Participles

  2. Participles • Participles are verbal adjectives • a loving mother, a shaved face • That is, adjectives formed from a verb stem • Most verbs have four participles: present active, future active, perfect passive, and future passive (also called the gerundive)

  3. Participles Remember that these are adjectives, and as such, they agree with the nouns they modify in what three ways?

  4. Participles Forming the Participial Stem It’sthe Perfect Passive Participle minus the ending Forming the Perfect Passive Participle It’sthe fourth principal part. Simple as that, bro. laudō, laudāre, laudavī, laudāt/um Hints: The present active is marked by -nt- in almost all forms The future active always contains -ūr- The future passive (the gerundive) is marked by -nd-

  5. Example: agō, agere, ēgī, āctum 3rd-io & 4th conjugations have -ie- in both present active participle (-iēns, ientis) and future passive (-iendus, -a, -um).

  6. Declining the Present Active Participle Singular M/F N Nominative agēns agēns Genitive agentisagentis Dative agentīagentī Accusative agentem agēns Ablative agentī, agenteagentī, agente Plural Nominative agentēs agentia Genitive agentiumagentium Dative agentibusagentibus Accusative agentēs agentia Ablative agentibus agentibus

  7. Translating videō, vidēre, vīdī, visum = to see Graecī nautae, videntēs Polyphēmum, timuērunt. The Greek sailors, __________ Polyphemus, were afraid. Graecī nautae, vīsī ā Polyphēmō, timent. The Greek sailors, ________ by Polyphemus, are afraid. Graecī nautae, vīsūrī Polyphēmum, timuērunt. The Greek sailors, __________ Polyphemus, were afraid.

  8. Translate A) educatusB) premēns C) premendus D) vertēntī E) versūrus F) dictus G) dīcentis H) dictūra I) cupientēs J) cupītōrum K) cupiendōs L) cupiendus

  9. Translate • Captus nihil dīxit. • Dōna petentem nōn amō. • Ad lūdum fīlium meum docendum mīsī.

  10. Translate • Vivēs meīs praesidiīs oppressus. (praesidium, -iī = guard) • Illī autem, tendentēs manūs dextrās, salūtem petēbant. (tendo, tendere = to stretch, extend) • Tantalus sitiēns flūmina ab ōre fugientia tangere dēsīderābat. (sitīre = to thirst) • Atticus Ciceronī fugientī multam pecūniam dedit. • Scrīptūrus bonum libellum saepe stilum vertit. (stilum vertere = to invert the stilus = to erase)

  11. Underline participles. Translate. • Cūra ōrātōris dictūrī eōs audītūrōs dēlectat. • Legēns Platōnem, mortī Sōcratis semper illacrimō. (Socrates, -cratis.---illacrīmāre = to weep over [takes dat.]) • Memoria vītae āctae bene est iūcunda. • Quī timēns vīvet, līber nōn erit umquam. • Verbum, semel ēmissum, volat irrevocābile. (semel = once---ēmittere---volāre = to fly---irrevocabilis, -e)

  12. 9. A leaf that is hastate has the shape of a _______. 10. Equestrian pertains to _______ riding.

  13. 1. Provide a participle chart for sciō, scīre, scīvī, scītum. 2. Translate the above forms. (to know) 3. Provide a participle chart for ēducō, ēducāre, educāvī, ēducātum. 4. Graecīnautae, videntēsPolyphēmum, timuērunt. 5. Captusnihildīxit. 6. Vivēsmeīspraesidiīsoppressus. 7. Atticus Ciceronīfugientīmultampecuniamdēdit. 8. LegēnsPlatonem, semper illacrimō.

  14. Ch. 23 Again! • Participle chart (with translations) for moneō, monēre, monuī, monitum (to warn). • Audienscanem, vircurrit. • Captusnihildīxit. • LegensPlatonem, semper illacrimo. • Facturuspanem, ego ēmītriticum. (bread) (I bought) (wheat)

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