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COMMON PATTERN OF ENGLISH SENTENCE

COMMON PATTERN OF ENGLISH SENTENCE. A. QUESTION SENTENCES. I In this type of sentence, the auxiliary is placed before the subject The auxiliary shows the form of tense If the sentence doesn’t have a verb, the auxiliary used is either “is”, “am”, or “are”

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COMMON PATTERN OF ENGLISH SENTENCE

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  1. COMMON PATTERN OF ENGLISH SENTENCE

  2. A. QUESTION SENTENCES • IIn this type of sentence, the auxiliary is placed before the subject • The auxiliary shows the form of tense • If the sentence doesn’t have a verb, the auxiliary used is either “is”, “am”, or “are” • If the sentence has a verb, the auxiliary used can be “do”, “does”, “did”, “will”, “shall”, “can”, “may”, “must” 1. Yes/No Question Auxiliary + Subject Pronoun + Verb (simple) + Complement Am/is/are + subject + complement + Modifier

  3. EXAMPLES Will we fast today? Can you give me some examples? Shall I give you all the books? May I borrow your beaker glass? Must I throw these away? Am I your supervisor? Are you my new assistance? Is he our technician? Did you find any difficulties during the extraction? Do you like to solve this sample in organic solution? Does she smell similar flavour before?

  4. 2. Information Question Who/what + Verb + Complement + Modifier Whom/What + Auxiliary + Subject + Verb + Modifier How/why/where/when + Auxiliary + Subject + Verb + Complement + Modifier

  5. EXAMPLES Who made the reactor in this research? Who was in charge to make the reactor in this research? What makes you excited today? What do you do to extract the volatile component in the pepper? Whom will you go travelling with? How do you extract the volatile component in the cloves? Why did you extract the volatile component in the cinnamon? Where did you find the procedures for this extraction? When are you going to finish all your lab works?

  6. 3. Embedded Question Subject + Verb (phrase) + Question Word + Subject + Verb Auxiliary + Subject + Verb + Question word + Subject + Verb An embedded question is not a question which needs an answer. It is only a statement that the subject of the sentence has a question that is not answered yet.

  7. EXAMPLES I do not know yet where I am going to stay. She did not say when she will come back. We haven’t been told when we can use the instrument. You must understand why I am angry Does he know where the instruments are? Shall I tell what the problem is? Did the police tell you who the suspect was? Do you get what you want?

  8. 4. Tag Question Main clause + comma + Tag question Tag Question : Use the same auxiliary verb as in the main clause If the main clause is affirmative, the question tag is negative If the main clause is negative, the question tag is positive

  9. EXAMPLES This is your sample, isn’t it? These are your samples, aren’t they? You have already known where to go, haven’t you? She did not know what to do, did she? He hasn’t thrown away his used solvent, has he? They send the letters to the office every day, don’t they?

  10. B. AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES • An affirmative sentence declare something true or factual • If one subject does one thing and another subject does the same, use the word “so” or “too” • Look at our example on how to write a sentence using conjunction and followed by “so or too” to avoid repetition of word

  11. 1. To be as the verb

  12. 2. Auxiliary as the verb

  13. 3. Any verb except to be or auxiliary

  14. C. NEGATION • Similar to those rules for affirmative statements • Use “neither” or “either” instead of “so” or “too”

  15. 1. To be as the verb

  16. 2. Auxiliary as the verb

  17. 3. Negative sentences with don’t, doesn’t and didn’t

  18. 4. Any in negative sentences In affirmative sentences, “some” is used to replace “any”

  19. D. COMMAND SENTENCES • A command is a sentence that is used to give an order to someone else. • The ending of a command can be either full stop or exclamation mark. • A command can be preceded by “please”

  20. 1. Positive Commands Examples: Please, leave me alone! Leave me alone, please. Please, help yourself. Help yourself, please Write down your answer in separate piece of paper! 2. Negative Commands Examples: Please, don’t leave me alone! Don’t leave me alone, please. Please, don’t disturb the prayers by switching off your mobile when you are in the mosque. Don’t start the argument here, please. Please, don’t ask me the answers for those question, please!

  21. 3. Indirect Commands Examples: The technician ask the students to switch off the electricity before leaving the lab My mother orders my sister to wake up earlier than usual The Mayor reminded the residence to save the energy. The teacher told the pupils to write down an article! 4. Negative Indirect Commands Examples: The technician ask the students not to switch off the electricity before leaving the lab My mother orders my sister not to wake up earlier than usual The Mayor reminded the residence not to waste the energy. The teacher told the pupils not to consume drug!

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