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Alternative Energy

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Energy From the Sea Dr Peter Ridd Physics Department James Cook University. Alternative Energy. Solar Power Wind Power Wave Power Tidal Power Bio-fuels Nuclear Energy OTEC. Heat Engines. Petrol Engines Diesel Engines Steam Engines

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Alternative Energy

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  1. Ocean Thermal Energy ConversionEnergy From the SeaDr Peter RiddPhysics Department James Cook University

  2. Alternative Energy • Solar Power • Wind Power • Wave Power • Tidal Power • Bio-fuels • Nuclear Energy • OTEC

  3. Heat Engines • Petrol Engines • Diesel Engines • Steam Engines • Gas Turbines (e.g. jet engines)

  4. Rolls Royce V12 Aero Engine27 litres 1600 HP

  5. MarineDieselNote the size of the people

  6. Jet Engines

  7. All heat engines have a hot end and a cold end • Gas is heated (Hot end) and allowed to expand. • Expanding gases cool • Much of the heat in the gas is wasted in the exhaust gas (cold end)

  8. Rankine Cycle Heating Required HOT WATER Cooling required COLD WATER

  9. Require a gas that boils at about 20 degrees

  10. The Queensland coast is a possible location for OTEC

  11. Surface Seawater around 25 degrees • Bottom seawater around 4 degrees Coral Sea

  12. 1000 m Cairns Townsville

  13. Carnot efficeincy

  14. Problem • As the temperature difference between the hot end and cold end gets smaller, the efficiency decreases • Diesel engine DT =500 degrees • OTEC DT =20 degrees • Diesel Engine Efficiency is about 25% • OTEC Efficiency is at most 7%

  15. Other Problems • Submarine Cable • Moorings • Extreme environment (Salt Water)

  16. Consider 1000 MWatt plant • Assume 3% efficiency • Require 1000 cubic meters/sec flow rate • Pipe of radius of 10 m with flow rate of 3 m/s • Approximately the same flow rate as the Tully River in moderate flood • Energy loss is relatively small as pumping head is equivalent about 6 m. Perhaps 60 MW

  17. Waste Water Plume • High in Nutrients (orders of magnitude higher than shelf water) • Plume must be discharged on slope below thermocline

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