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CHAPTER 5: The Structure & Function of Macromolecules

CHAPTER 5: The Structure & Function of Macromolecules. OBJECTIVES: Understand Structure and Function of Carbohydrates Proteins Nucleic Acids Lipids Levels of protein folding. Polymers. Most macromolecules are polymers build from monomers. Starch is built from glucose monomers

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CHAPTER 5: The Structure & Function of Macromolecules

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  1. CHAPTER 5: The Structure & Function of Macromolecules • OBJECTIVES: • Understand Structure and Function of • Carbohydrates • Proteins • Nucleic Acids • Lipids • Levels of protein folding

  2. Polymers • Most macromolecules are polymers build from monomers. • Starch is built from glucose monomers • Proteins are built from amino acid monomers • VIDEO

  3. Joining Polymers • Condensation or dehydration reaction: • Creating a polymer by removing a water • Hydrolysis: • Water used to split polymers into smaller portions • Hydro - Water • Lysis – Cut or split

  4. CarbohydratesFuel and Building Material • Carbohydrates: • Simple sugars ( glucose, fructose, galactose) • Polymers: starch. • All exist in ratio of 1:2:1 C:H:0 • Monosaccharides: • Monomers of carbohydrates • Glucose, ribose • Polysaccharides: polymers of monosaccharides • Starch, cellulose, glycogen

  5. Glycosidic Linkage

  6. Energy Storage & Structural Support • Energy storage polysaccharides • Starch: Plants • Glycogen: Animals, muscle and liver cells • Structural Support • Cellulose: Component of plant cell walls • Chitin: Exoskeleton of arthropods, lobsters, cockroaches • “Crunch”

  7. Chitin

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