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David Hudson

David Hudson. The Environment Agency. Central Government Agency 10,000 staff Flood Risk Management Water Quality Big Industrial Site controls Permit system European Union Standards of Performance. What we do at Cemex Rugby. Permit to European Standards Audit

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David Hudson

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  1. David Hudson

  2. The Environment Agency Central Government Agency 10,000 staff Flood Risk Management Water Quality Big Industrial Site controls Permit system European Union Standards of Performance

  3. What we do at Cemex Rugby Permit to European Standards Audit Investigate when permit not complied with Respond to incidents Enforcement Powers when necessary Environmental Management System is key

  4. PPC permit • Plant designed and constructed just prior to regime • Planning permission from County Council • Permit issued in 2002 • Programme of Substitute fuel trials • Permit reviewed in 2010

  5. Compliance history • Prosecutions • 14/10/05 - Release of cement dust (left man way cover off) £400,000 reduced to £50,000 on appeal. • 10/3/07   - Release of coal dust (overfilled coal silo) £20,000 and £13,469 in costs. • Now risk assessed as a good performer

  6. Stakeholder engagement • Early days little • Adherence to statutory consultation • Tyre burning raised far more interest • Rugby Borough Council decided to lead • Cement Forum established • Problems and resourcing

  7. Previously with stakeholders • Led by local Council but they have limited statutory role (concerns about funding) • Local residents told us that they were not aware of what we had done • Recurring discussions not resolving concerns • We are not able to gather collective views from the Forum as part of consultations • Agency withdraws formally in 2007

  8. New approach • Environment Agency gives clear steer to CEMEX that they must find a new way forward • CEMEX engage “Environment Council” to explore options • Large facilitated meetings to shape the process • Report from Environment Council in 2009 • Environment Agency and Cemex fund the next stage • Looking for EDD “Engage, Deliberate, Decide”

  9. Air pollution and health Presentation from Health Protection Agency

  10. Key outdoor air pollutantsand their sources Particles (“Black Smoke, PM10, PM2.5) Vehicles, power stations, industry, agriculture, surface dust, sea spray Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) Vehicles Sulphur dioxide (SO2) Power stations Ozone (O3) Sunlight on vehicle emissions Carbon monoxide (CO) Vehicles

  11. Primary v secondary pollutants Primary pollutant Those released directly from a source SO2 is a primary pollutant produced by coal burning power stations. Secondary pollutant Those formed by chemical changes in the atmosphere Ozone is a secondary pollutant produced when sunlight breaks down NO2.

  12. Health effects of air pollution Short term (i.e. day to day) deaths hospital admissions symptoms/Quality of Life work/school loss Long term “chronic” mortality initiation/contribution to worsening of chronic disease (e.g. COPD, asthma) Quality of Life cancer

  13. How pollution affects different people Exposure level duration Co-exposure other pollutants exercise infections cold air cigarette smoke allergens Host age treatment bronchial responsiveness pre-existing disease genes

  14. Particles

  15. Particles Main sources: Motor vehicles, power stations, industry Natural sources – wind blown dust, sea salt Composition: Carbon , sulphates, minerals, metals. Varies according to source (close to busy roads, shoreline) Monitoring: National network of monitors (PM10 and PM2.5) Emission limits on vehicles, industry etc

  16. UK StandardsPM10 and PM2.5 Effects on the lung and cardiovascular system UK Air Quality Objectives: PM2.5: Target of 15% reduction in concentrations at urban background (2010 – 2020)

  17. What are the sources of Primary PM2.5?

  18. Health impact for particulate air pollution in the UK in 2008 Estimated by COMEAP (2010) as: An effect on mortality equivalent to 29,000 deaths An associated loss of life to the population of 340,000 yrs A loss of life-expectancy from birth of approx 6 months Distribution across the population? 29,000 individuals losing an average of 11.5 years? All deaths influenced, average loss due to pollution 6 mo? COMEAP speculated more likely to be up to 200,000 people (deaths from CV disease) – average loss up to 2 yrs

  19. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)

  20. NO2: Health effects NO2 is an irritant at high concentrations (not typically found outdoors) causing inflammation of the airways. May increase people susceptibilities to respiratory infections and/or asthma attacks by increasing sensitivity to allergens May also be linked to admissions to hospital due to respiratory/cadiovascular illnesses

  21. Main sources: Motor vehicles, coal fired power station, gas stoves (indoors) Monitoring: National network of monitors Monitors around busy roads Emission limits on vehicles, industry etc

  22. NO2 and traffic

  23. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) UK Air Quality Objectives:

  24. Reducing pollution UK approach

  25. Air Quality Management Areas Local authorities required to review and assess air quality in their areas If they identify an exceedence of an Air Quality Strategy objective they must: Declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) Develop an Action Plan to tackle the problem E.g. Congestion charging, traffic management, planning etc. Approx 59% of LAs in the UK have declared a AQMA

  26. What does it mean for me?

  27. What does it mean for me? Most people will not notice or suffer from any serious or lasting ill effects from levels of pollution that are commonly experienced in the UK, even when levels are described as "high" or "very high" according to the current criteria Sensitive individuals may be affected day to day by air pollution. The numbers of deaths and hospital admissions go up when air pollution levels are high, especially in people with a serious pre-existing condition. Long exposure to air pollution may result in cancer and reduced life expectancy

  28. Where to find more information Health Protection Agency Website – http://www.HPA.org.uk Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollutants (COMEAP) - http://www.comeap.org.uk/ Defra Air Pollution in the UK 2009 (Edition B) http://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/library/annualreport/air_pollution_uk_2009b.pdf Air Quality Monitoring http://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/

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