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Storytelling

Storytelling. Session 1. Storytelling. In the Deaf community telling stories is a way of talk.

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Storytelling

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  1. Storytelling Session 1

  2. Storytelling • In the Deaf community telling stories is a way of talk. • Storytelling is the most popular form of signed entertainment in the body of ASL literature that includes, stories, poems, folklore, riddles, humor, and other genres, in ASL only, that have been passed on from one generation to another by Deaf people. • Storytelling includes handshape stories, ABC Stories, one-handshape stories, narratives and many more.

  3. Key Elements • The key elements of a story serve as the basis for adapting the story. • It is essential for telling an ASL Story well.

  4. Placement of Characters • Since story will require at least 3 characters. You will need to study how the master storytellers manage character placements of multi-character stories. • Placing of two characters: • Place the first character on your dominant side and then the second character on your non-dominant side.

  5. Placement of Characters • Adding a third character: • You need to first determine its relationship to the other two characters. • If the 3rd character deals primarily with the character on the left, then the character should come in from the left side, stay on the left side, and exit from the left side.

  6. Movement of Characters and Objects • Your story will involve at least 2 different locations. There are ways to show characters or objects moving between the locations.

  7. Movement Vocabulary • Signs like GO-TO, WALK, ENTER, LEAVE-from can be used to indicate movement in general. • The orientation and/or direction of the sign movements should correspond to where the characters are placed. • For example, if a character is placed on the left side of the narrator and you want to show the character entering the house of the character on the right, the sign ENTER should move toward the right to show agreement.

  8. Classifiers • Another way to show characters moving is to use a semantic classifier like SCL:1 “person running away” or “person pacing around the room.” • Facial expressions should be added to the semantic classifier to tell how this person moved: slowly, anxiously, excitedly.

  9. Classifiers • To show objects moving, use other classifiers like: • Locative classifier to show a ball in the air • LCL:1 “trace ball’s path through the air” • Locative classifier to describe a ball bouncing across the room • LCL:S “Ball bouncing across room” • Locative classifier to show a book falling • LCLB “Book falling • Semantic classifier to show a chair being thrown across the room • SCL:V “chair thrown across room”

  10. Facial Expressions to show movement • At extreme speed • “oo” mouth and squinted eyes • Awkwardly • Move your head sideways with “th” mouth • Loudly as it hits a surface • Use “Pow” mouth

  11. Role Shift • Wandering Eye Gaze • One aspect of role shift shows a character’s movement is called “wandering eye gaze.” • This is done when the storyteller role shifts, slightly swaying from side to side with eyes wandering, while describing the character’s action • Announcing to different people • Walking down the road carrying a ball

  12. Role Shift • Matching Actions • The movement of an object can be shown with role shift as well. • Instrument classifiers can be used with role shift to depict the character handling an object like throwing, dropping, or passing it along. • When 2 characters give or exchange an object, the storyteller role shifts both characters to show the object being given and received. • We call this “matching actions.” • Example: Role shift two characters throwing a ball

  13. Maintain Continuity • To maintain a sense of continuity as the story progresses, the passage of time needs to be indicated. • You will be required to choose a story that has at least 3 different time frames.

  14. Using Specific Time Signs • Some time signs tell us how much time has elapsed between scenes or events. • For example: • WEEK++ (for “week after week”) • ALL-NIGHT !MORNING! (for “the next morning”) • ONE-DAY (for “one day”) • EVERY-NIGHT, EVERY-MORNING (for “every night and every morning”)

  15. Modifying Verbs • Adding circular or repetitive moves to the verb indicates the action occurred over a period of time. For example: • WOMAN STAND-cont WAIT-cont • RAIN-cont, WATER PCL “flood starting” • BOY GRIEVE-HEART, CRY-cont

  16. Using Other Transitions • The following signs help to move the story forward by signaling the beginning of the next set of events. For example: • FINISH (for “after that…” or “and then…”) • !WRONG! (for “unexpectedly” or “suddenly”)

  17. Character Development • How an ASL storyteller can effectively show the personality and/or moods of the characters. • A good ASL storyteller develops characters not by using descriptive adjectives for a character’s personality or actions, but by role shifting to show how the character talks, reacts, thinks, and feels throughout the story.

  18. Role Shifting Character’s Reactions/Comments • The storyteller can reflect a character’s personality through their reactions and comments by assigning a particular signing style to the character. • For example: • Changing the size of the sign • bigger signs can show the state the character is in-excited, drowsy, or in a drunken stupor • Changing the tempo of the sign • Sign slowly as a wise man would sign, or sign fast as a panicked person would sign • Exaggerating the sign to reflect strong emotions • A sign that is normally made on one hand is made with both hands.

  19. Examples A girl reacts to what she sees in her hand: GIRL <rs:girl LOOK-AT “own hand”> -react with disgust -react with admiration -react with horror

  20. Example A girl makes a comment to someone: GIRL <rs:girl NICE MEET YOU> -say with sarcasm -say with excitement -say with anger

  21. Role Shift Character’s Thoughts • The storyteller can show a character’s thoughts in order to give us a peek into the character’s reasoning, motivations, or plans. • One way to do this is breaking eye contact with the other character, shifting the eye gaze up and away and lowering the signing, giving the impression the character is not relating directly to the other character in the scene, as s/he “thinks out loud.”

  22. “The Frog Prince” • Watch the first part again…

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