Chapter 27a

1. Chapter 27a Prokaryotes

2. Most are unicellular • 3 common shapes - - -

3. Facts and Applications

4. Outside of prokaryotes • Sticky capsules around cell walls for protection and adherence in colonies, surface appendages called pili. • Most are motile: • Flagella • Corkscrew movement of spirochetes • Secrete slimly chemicals and glide Taxis: movement toward or away from a stimulus ___________: toward chemical stimuli (food) ___________: away from toxins

5. Reproduction • Reproduce __________ by __________ ___________. • Genetic recombination: • ________: uptake of genes from surrounding envionment • ________: genes transferred between cells • ________: genes transferred between bacteria and viruses

6. Endospores • Some bacteria form resistant endospores which are a chromosome copy and durable wall. These endospores can survive lack of nutrients/water, heat (boiling water), cold, poisions, etc. • Home canners kill endospores by using a ____________, biologists use an _____________.

7. Modes of nutrition • _________: photosynthetic: use light and CO2 to make organic compounds • _________: use inorganic compounds and CO2 for energy (ex. Sulfolobusarchaea oxidize sulfur) • _________: use light and consumed organic molecules • _________: consume organic molecules for energy and carbon • Most prokaryotes are __________________. • Saprobes: • Parasites:

8. Science and Society • Most food serves some kind of bacteria, even ________________ and _____________. Synthetic compounds that can’t be broken down by chemoheterotrophs are called __________________________. • Nitrogen cycle:

9. TO BE CONTINUED!!