Discover Mongolia: Land of Nomads and Culture

1. welcome to mongolia

2. Brief Introduction 蒙古族；1000多万人 蒙古地区 ；蒙古国、内蒙古、俄罗斯联邦布里亚特共和国、图瓦共和国、阿尔泰共和国、卡梅尔克蒙古 阿富汗 哈扎拉蒙古 蒙古男子三竞技；摔跤、赛马、射箭 春节；蒙语称‘白月’，是蒙古民间最隆重的节日，以前称为“牧民节”1988年12月，蒙古大人民呼拉尔主席团决定，白月为全民的节日。

3. MONGOLIA CUISINE FG Mongolian cuisine refers to the local culinary traditions of Mongolia and Mongolia styled dishes. The extreme continental climate has affected the traditional diet, so the Mongolian cuisine primarily consists of dairy products,meat, and animal fats. Use of vegetables and spices is limited. Due to geographic proximity and deep historic ties with China and Russia, Mongolian cuisine is also influenced by Chinese and Russian cuisine

5. Mongolia chidren As you tour Mongolia, you will meet children with names which may sound ludicrous or cruel. Would you call your kid Not Human, or Savage Dog? Mongolians do! But they have their child's best interests at heart. Click here to discover why. Children's Festivals You may come across one of the following children's festivals on your tour... First Hair Cut Mongolian kids get their first haircut when they reach two or three. The ceremony marks the transition from babyhood to childhood. If you're in the countryside, you may get an invitation. The child's family gathers and each take a turn at snipping a lock of hair. After each snip, the child gets a gift - so don't forget to give one!

8. Music • The music of Inner Mongolia is strongly influenced by nature, nomadism,shamanism, and also Tibetan Buddhism. The traditional music includes a variety of instruments, famously the morin khuur and also the singing styles like the urtun (“long song”), and throat-singing Khoomei

9. Religion The predominant religion is Tibetan Buddhism. Since 1990, as liberalization began, Buddhism has enjoyed a resurgence.

10. History

11. The area of what is now Mongolia has been ruled by various nomadic empires, including the Xiongnu, the Xianbei, the Rouran, the Gökturks, and others. The Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan in 1206. After the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty in 1368, the Mongols returned to their earlier patterns of internal strife. In the 16th and 17th centuries, Mongolia came under the influence of Tibetan Buddhism. At the end of the 17th century, what is now Mongolia had been incorporated into the area ruled by the Manchu-led Qing Dynasty. During the collapse of the Qing Dynasty in 1911, Mongolia declared independence, but had to struggle until 1921 to firmly establish de-facto independence, and until 1945 to gain international recognition. As a consequence, it came under strong Soviet influence: In 1924, the Mongolian People's Republic was declared, and Mongolian politics began to follow the same patterns as Soviet politics of the time. After the breakdown of communism in late 1989, Mongolia saw its own Democratic Revolution in early 1990, which led to a multi-party system, a new constitution in 1992, and a transition to a market economy.

12. Culture Mongolian culture and history has been formed in large part by the dynamic forces of nature and struggle that are embodied in the ancient nomadic existance of the Mongol peoples. From the time of the earliest known signs of human presence in the Mongolian heartland till today, the area we call Mongolia has been the birthplace of many famous tribes like the Huns, Scythians, Mongols and Turks that went on to become powerful catalysts for change in world history. The culture and society of Mongolia is greatly influenced by the central role of nomadism which is still the way of life for half of Mongolia's population of 2.7 million people. Mongolia is one of the last nations in the world today that has such a high proportion of nomadic citizens. The extreme climactic conditions of Mongolia bring enormous fluctuations of weather with very hot, parched summers and winters with temperatures of 60 degrees below zero farenheit. The sustained severe cold causes massive loss of livestock herds almost every year.

13. This very difficult environment requires great strength and deep reserves of will to survive and thrive in. Mongolian people have lived and thrived in this unforgiving environment for many hundreds of years and have a deep enduring fondness for their homeland. Mongolian music conveys this deep appreciation that Mongolians have for their country, its natural beauty and the inspiring deep blue sky above the vast Mongolian landscape. Mongolian songs are often about beloved horses and the beauty of the Mongolian countryside. Herders sing while riding their horses and most Mongolians are expected to know at least one song to be shared with others on special occasions or just to lighten the heart. Khoomi Singing which also known as Throat Singing, allows the singer to produce harmonic tones that can mirror the sounds of waterfalls, the steppe winds blowing, and the chants of Buddhist monks. Khoomi singers use their diaphragms like a bellows on a bagpipe to emit a steady bass note while simultaneously producing a higher nasal tone and essentially carrying two tunes at the same time.

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