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Dr Jamal Naim PhD in Orthodontics

Pre-clinical Periodontics. Dr Jamal Naim PhD in Orthodontics. Instruments and instrumentation. Calculus. Note: the colour, texture, location of the calculus. Periodontal Instruments. Periodontal probes for the determination of PD and their course Explorers to locate calculus and caries

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Dr Jamal Naim PhD in Orthodontics

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  1. Pre-clinical Periodontics Dr Jamal Naim PhD in Orthodontics Instruments and instrumentation

  2. Calculus Note: the colour, texture, location of the calculus

  3. Periodontal Instruments • Periodontal probes for the determination of PD and their course • Explorers to locate calculus and caries • Scaling, root-planing, and curettage instruments: for plaque removal; • Sickle Scalers • Curettes • Hoe • Chisel • File scalers • Ultrasonic scalers

  4. Periodontal Instruments • Periodontal endoscopes: to visualize deep in the pocket • Cleansing and polishing instruments: rubber, brushes etc.

  5. Periodontal Instruments A= handle, B= shank, C= working end (C) (A) (B)

  6. Periodontal Instruments • Often are named after the designer or an academic institution.

  7. Instrument handle Selection of instrument handle • Weight: light • Maximize tactile sensitivity • Minimize finger fatigue • Diameter: large diameter handle • Texture: Bumpy

  8. Instrument shanks

  9. Instrument shanks

  10. Instrument shanks

  11. Working-ends

  12. Working-ends

  13. Working-ends

  14. Periodontal probes

  15. Periodontal probes The curved # 2 Nabers probe for the determination of Furcation involvement

  16. Explorers Different types of explorers for the detection of caries and to locate subgingival plaque.

  17. Scaling and curettage Instr. A, Curette B, Sickle Scaler C, Periodontal File D, Chisel E, Hoe

  18. Periodontal Scaler • A periodontal scaler is used to remove calculus and stain from the crown of the tooth (function). • The scaler has pointed blades along each side and is used with a pull stroke. • The scaler may either be single-ended or double- ended. • Some examples of periodontal scalers are the Sickle Scaler and McCall’s 13-14S .

  19. Sickle scaler Blade in cross section of sickle scaler The curved sickle terminates in a pointed toe(A) and has two symmetrical cutting blades (B1 and B2) meeting in a sharp back (C) B1 B2 Sickle design: 1 instrument double end OR 2 instruments single end C A

  20. Working end and adaptation of sickle scaler

  21. Universal scalers (McCall’s)

  22. Universal scalers (McCall’s)

  23. Universal scalers (McCall’s)

  24. McCall’s (M13-14S) Scaler design A B Working ends of the sickle scaler A, and the McCall’s (universal scaler) B

  25. Uses of sickle scaler and McCall’s • Sickle scaler (A) • Supragingival calculus. • U/L Anterior teeth. • McCall’s (B) • Supragingival & subgingival calculus. • U/L Posterior teeth (all surfaces) & anterior teeth. A B

  26. Correct adaptation of the Sickle Scaler on anterior teeth Working end uses 1-3mm from the pointed toe

  27. In-correct adaptation of Sickle Scaler Sickle scaler placed on lateral incisor with pointed toe incorrectly extending over central incisor and use of too much blade Sickle scaler is placed sub-gingivally, which may cause pain and trauma

  28. Correct use of McCall’s Scaler The working cutting edge is placed at 90 degrees to the tooth surface on the lingual surface of the first molar The working cutting edge is placed at 90 degrees to the tooth surface on the distal surface of the first molar

  29. In-correct use of McCall’s Scaler Over-extended scaler on the distal surface of the premolar. The first third (approx. 2mm) of the cutting edge needs to be adapted to the surface

  30. Periodontal Files • Periodontal Files: is a calculus removal instrument that has many cutting edges per working-end and is used to prepare calculus deposits before removal with another instrument.

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