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Salvatore Mele CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research

SCOAP3 Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle Physics Berlin7 – Paris - December 2 nd , 2009. Who are we? A conundrum The SCOAP3 model Fund-raising. Salvatore Mele CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research. scoap3.org.

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Salvatore Mele CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research

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  1. SCOAP3 Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle PhysicsBerlin7 – Paris - December 2nd, 2009 • Who are we? • A conundrum • The SCOAP3 model • Fund-raising Salvatore Mele CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research scoap3.org

  2. SCOAP3 Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle PhysicsBerlin7 – Paris - December 2nd, 2009 • Who are we? • A conundrum • The SCOAP3 model • Fund-raising Salvatore Mele CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research scoap3.org

  3. ~15’000 High Energy Physics (HEP) scientists smash stuff at the speed of light to produce new stuff

  4. ~15’000 HEP theorists scratch their heads to make sense of all that stuff and then some more

  5. CERN: European Organization for Nuclear Research (since 1954) • World leading HEP laboratory, Geneva (CH) • 2500 staff (mostly engineers,administrators/services) • 10000 visitors (physicists from 580 institutes in 85 countries) • 3 Nobel prizes (Accelerators, Detectors, Discoveries) • Invented the web • Ready to start 27km (6bn€) LHC “big-bang machine” • Four 2500-strong teams fully committed to OA • Seminal articles describing LHC construction OA in SISSA/IOPp Journal of Instrumentation • 7 articles/1600 pages/8000 authors. 60’000+ downloads/2 months CERN Convention (1953): ante-litteram Open Access manifesto “… the results of its experimental and theoretical work shall be published or otherwise made generally available”

  6. The HEP “preprint culture” L.Goldschmidt-Clermont, 1965, http://eprints.rclis.org/archive/00000445/02/communication_patterns.pdf • Scientific journals of ‘60s too slow for HEP • Mass-mail preprints to institutes worldwide • Ante litteram (institute-pays) Open Access • CERN library starts index and display preprints • Leading research libraries “serve” preprints CERN Library, circa 1960

  7. SCOAP3 Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle PhysicsBerlin7 – Paris - December 2nd, 2009 • Who are we? • A conundrum • The SCOAP3 model • Fund-raising Salvatore Mele CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research scoap3.org

  8. Some numbers... HEP scientists searching on publishers’ sites • 0.1% • 97% • 5 • <10%

  9. Where do HEP scientists get their info? Gentil-Beccot et al. arxiv:0804.2701 • Survey of 2’000+ scientists (10% of community) • Library/community answers to info needs • Google as proxy of arXiv, SPIRES, publishers

  10. Some numbers... HEP journals’ content freely available on arXiv HEP scientists searching on publishers’ sites • 0.1% • 97% • 5 • <10%

  11. 97% of HEP journals’ content is in arXiv

  12. Some numbers... HEP scientists searching on publishers’ sites HEP journals’ content freely available on arXiv • 0.1% • 97% • 5 • <10% Citation advantage of green OA in HEP

  13. Citation acceleration and augmentation • SPIRES counts: citations to/from preprints/articles • Citation peak before publications and 5 times higher • Scientific discourse proceeds on discipline repository

  14. Some numbers... HEP scientists searching on publishers’ sites HEP journals’ content freely available on arXiv Citation advantage of green OA in HEP • 0.1% • 97% • 5 • <10% HEP scientists reading HEP journals

  15. Do HEP scientists read journals ? Gentil-Beccot et al. arxiv:0906.5418 ∼30,000 clicks (choice between arXiv and journal) Publisher server 18% arXiv 82% (As many scientists as analyzed here go straight to arXiv)

  16. HEP and its 6-8 journals: a conundrum • Scientists do not read journals, they read arXiv • Journals are for peer-review and officialdom • Strong request for OA from scientists • Libraries’ subscriptions implicitly support the system rather than buying access

  17. SCOAP3 Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle PhysicsBerlin7 – Paris - December 2nd, 2009 • Who are we? • A conundrum • The SCOAP3 model • Fund-raising Salvatore Mele CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research scoap3.org

  18. The SCOAP3 model An international consortium to convert existing (and new) top-quality HEP journals to OA • Libraries re-direct subscriptions to SCOAP3 • SCOAP3 pays centrally for peer-review service • Price-per-article established by call for tender • Articles are (free and libre) Open Access OA and publishing novelties

  19. OA novelties of SCOAP3 • No additional expenses for OA article fees • for anyone: authors, libraries, funders • Discipline-wide re-direction of subscriptions • Transparently provide scientists with: • OA; academic freedom; quality; prestige

  20. Publishing novelties of SCOAP3 • Link price and quality through call for tender • Correlate volume and price through contracts • Experiment in a field at a confluence: • OA, repositories, peer-review

  21. SCOAP3 Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle PhysicsBerlin7 – Paris - December 2nd, 2009 • Who are we? • A conundrum • The SCOAP3 model • Fund-raising Salvatore Mele CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research scoap3.org

  22. How much will it cost? No more than we spend today! • Worldwide budget envelope: • Today learned society prices • JHEP ~1M€ for 20% of HEP • APS ~2000$/article • 5000-7000 articles/year in 6-8 journals • Total: 10M€/year

  23. SCOAP3 funding Fair-share: contribute as per peer-review usage J. Krause et al. CERN-OPEN-2007-014

  24. International consensus • Only viable if every country is on board! • Go beyond majority and well-wishing • Success through consensus and unanimity • Not a weakness: a strength! • XXIst century problem-solving strategy

  25. How far are we? 65% of the SCOAP3 budget envelope pledged by libraries, consortia and funders worldwide Italy Netherlands Norway Romania Slovakia Sweden Switzerland Spain JISC (UK) Israel, Turkey Austria Belgium CERN Denmark France Finland Germany Greece Hungary Australia Canada >150 U.S. libraries (75%) 6.5M€ (65%) 3.5M€ (35%)

  26. How do we build it? Three steps in sequence • Libraries and consortia worldwide sign Expression of Interest to re-direct subscriptions to SCOAP3 • Library by library in the U.S. • Nationwide (consortia) elsewhere • Establish an international Governing Board • Issue a Call for Tender/Request for Purchase Founding CERN, 1953

  27. SCOAP3 Call for Tender • Request price-per-article for peer-review & OA • OA conditions • Irreversible OA • Author rights • Push into repositories • Financial conditions: • Unbundling of journal packages • Reduction of subscription prices • No double payment

  28. Outlook • Reach critical mass: • completing the US and European pledges • partnerships in Asia and South America • Convene international Governing Board • Engage publishers in a call for tender • Go/No-Go decision, contracts and MoU’s You can all help with #1

  29. Thank you! Salvatore.Mele@cern.ch http://scoap3.org

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