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Chapter 28: Cold War and a New Western World 1945-1970

Chapter 28: Cold War and a New Western World 1945-1970. Joshua Hall 6 th hour 4/28/13. Joseph Stalin. (December 18, 1878 – March 5, 1953) Ruled the Soviet Union and was mainly responsible for the spread of communism.

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Chapter 28: Cold War and a New Western World 1945-1970

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  1. Chapter 28: Cold War and a New Western World 1945-1970 Joshua Hall 6th hour 4/28/13

  2. Joseph Stalin • (December 18, 1878 – March 5, 1953) • Ruled the Soviet Union and was mainly responsible for the spread of communism. • Captured Berlin ending WWII in May 1945. Responsible for dropping the “Iron Curtain” over eastern Europe.

  3. Harry S. Truman • (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) • 33rd President of the United states of America • Succeeded Roosevelt after death in April 1945 • First major world leader to use nuclear weapons.

  4. Nikita Khrushchev • (April 15, 1894 – September 11, 1971) • Served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the Cold War. • Responsible and in power during the Cuban Missile Crisis, the tensest year of the Cold War.

  5. Dwight D. Eisenhower • (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) • 34th President of the United States of America • Five-star general during WWII, Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe

  6. Cold War • 40 year period of extreme nuclear tension between the U.S. and U.S.S.R. • The U.S.S.R. controlled the eastern half of Europe spreading communism to all over the occupied countries. • Times of severe tension: Cuban Missile Crisis, Korean War, and the Berlin Crisis.

  7. Berlin Wall • The wall that separated communist East Berlin from Allied occupied West Berlin. • Construction began on August 13, 1961 • Symbolized the division of Europe

  8. United Nations Founded • The U.N. was founded in 1945 after the end of WWII, replaced the League of Nations. • Goal was to keep peace around the world through peaceful negotiations. • Now includes 193 member states world wide.

  9. Key Themes and Movements • Spread of Communism to Eastern Europe, China, and North Korea. • Korean War and the Soviet War in Afghanistan. • Creation of NATO and The Warsaw Pact. • Creation of the United Nations. • The Nuclear Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. • The Truman Doctrine. (Promise of U.S. aid to Turkey and Greece.) • The Marshall Plan or European Recovery Plan. (U.S. plan to make Europe prosperous again by modernizing industry and removing trade barriers.)

  10. Cultural and Intellectual Movements • Hippies! Or the “Permissive Society” People began to experiment more with their lives. • Their was also a huge feminist movement at the end of WWII. The Women’s Liberation Movement fought for equal pay and benefits. • Welfare is first introduced as well as Medicare for the elderly. • Birth control was made widely available to the public. • Also with these new standards came the ideas of sexual freedom. Divorce rates went through the roof, and many married couples engaged in extramarital sex. • Pornography was widely sold in these years with the sexual revolution. • Playboy alsomade its first issues in the 1950s.

  11. Necessities • 1. The Cold War and the spread of Communism. • 2. The Creation of the United Nations. • 3. The strategic support plans such as The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan. • 4. Hippies and “free love.” • 5. Women’s rights and breakdown of the traditional family.

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