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The Great Moderation, the Great Panic and the Great Contraction. Charlie Bean Deputy Governor, Bank of England. Barcelona, 25 August 2009. 1. International credit expansion Financial liabilities of household and business (% of GDP). Source: OECD. Source: Federal Reserve, Flow of Funds.
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The Great Moderation, the Great Panic and the Great Contraction Charlie Bean Deputy Governor, Bank of England Barcelona, 25 August 2009
1. International credit expansionFinancial liabilities of household and business(% of GDP) Source: OECD Source: Federal Reserve, Flow of Funds
2. Financial innovation Stock of CDS outstanding Off-balance-sheet issuance Source: Dealogic. Source: Bank for International Settlements. (a) Notional principal of outstanding credit default swaps.
3. Real house prices Source: Bank for International Settlement
4. The Great ModerationOutput and inflation volatility in the G5 Source: ??
5. The Great Moderation and risk perceptionsImplied volatilities from options – standardised to zero mean and unit variance Source: Bloomberg and Bank calculations
6. Overly Loose Monetary Policy?Deviation of policy rates from Taylor rule Source: OECD
7. Global imbalancesCurrent accounts (% of GDP, 5-year rolling average) Source: IMF and national sources
8. Long-term real interest ratesReal 8.5 year government forward rates Source: Bloomberg and Bank calculations
9. Real house prices & current accounts Source: Bank for International Settlements
10. Defaults on US sub-prime mortgagesDefault rate by cohort of origination
12. CDS spreads for major financial institutions Source: Markit. (a) Five-year senior CDS premia.
13. The Great Panic: the flight to qualitySpread between US Treasuries and Eurodollar rates Source: Bloomberg
14. Expected losses get bigger & bigger…Financial sector writedowns on US originated assets
15. The Great Contraction Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
17. International financial network in 2005External assets + external liabilities Source: BIS, IMF, OECD, UNCTAD and Kubelec and Sa (2009)
0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 18. Total output loss in slowdowns & recessions Medians, % GDP Slowdowns Recessions Preceded by financial stress Not preceded by financial stress Preceded by financial stress Not preceded by financial stress Source: IMF WEO October 2008
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