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Ancient China

Ancient China. Yellow River Civilization. Isolated Region of the world by Distance, Mountain, and Jungle Loess = Yellow soil, forms in Huang He River Valley ( The Yellow River ) ‏. CHINA. The 4 Old-World River Valley Cultures. Bronze Age Empires.

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Ancient China

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  1. Ancient China

  2. Yellow River Civilization

  3. Isolated Region of the world by Distance, Mountain, and Jungle Loess = Yellow soil, forms in Huang He River Valley ( The Yellow River)‏ CHINA

  4. The 4 Old-World River Valley Cultures

  5. Bronze Age Empires

  6. Shang: 1523-1028 BCE

  7. Shang Dynasty • People live in clans (group of families who claim common lineage)‏ • Peasant Society- lead grueling lives / live in pit houses dug into the ground (primitive heat / ac)‏

  8. Religion • Shang Di = Supreme Being • Yin and Yang= opposing forces that must balance • Yin= Earth, darkness, female • Yang = Heaven, light, male

  9. “T’ien Ming” The Mandate of Heaven The leader must lead by ability and virtue. The dynasty's leadership must be justified by succeeding generations. The mandate could be revoked by negligence and abuse; the will of the people was important.

  10. A new dynasty comes to power. The emperorreforms the govt.& makes it moreefficient. Start here Emperor isdefeated !! Lives of common people improved;taxes reduced;farming encouraged. TheDynasticCycle Rebel bands findstrong leader whounites them.Attack the emperor. Problems begin(extensive wars,invasions, etc.)‏ Poor loserespect for govt.They join rebels& attack landlords. Taxes increase;men forced towork for army.Farming neglected. Droughts,floods,famines occur. Govt. increasesspending; corruption.

  11. Gov't system in which local lords govern their own land, but owe military support and service to their ruler Feudalism

  12. Population rises • Iron working from Mesopotamia reaches China in 500 BC • Iron axes, plows = more food, better irrigation • Copper coins make trade easier • New roads, canals

  13. Achievements • Silk – woven and dyed= clothes of the rich, wanted commodity around the world = “silk road” • Books- bound wood or bamboo together to make books • Calendar- 365 ¼ days • Great Wall- Divides Chinese from “uncivilized world”, 25 ft high, extended thousands of miles

  14. Confucius- 551 BCE • Scholar, Teacher, Philosopher • The Analects= Collected Works and Sayings • Harmony Exists in Society when everyone accepts their role- 5 Relationships • Except for friends, no relationship is equal- older superior to younger, men to women • Filial Piety (Respect for Parents) Above All • Best Ruler= Virtuous, Leads by Example • Education = Key To Success, Advancement

  15. Legalism • Hanfeizi= Chinese Philosopher • Nature of Man is Evil, Greed is motive for most actions • Order is only achieved through strict laws and harsh punishments

  16. Daoism No interest in bringing order to human affairs Goal is harmony with nature Laozi- lived without leaving any traces “Dao”= The Way” Government is unnatural- causes problems Look beyond everyday worries, human desires and enjoy the simple ways of nature

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