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Intro to - Phylum Chordata (Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals)

Intro to - Phylum Chordata (Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals). Chordates, at some stage in their lives, have a: Dorsal (hollow nerve cord), Notochord (supports nerve cord during embryonic phase), Pharyngeal pouches (paired slits in throat region – can become gills)

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Intro to - Phylum Chordata (Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals)

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  1. Intro to - Phylum Chordata(Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals) Chordates, at some stage in their lives, have a: Dorsal (hollow nerve cord), Notochord (supports nerve cord during embryonic phase), Pharyngeal pouches (paired slits in throat region – can become gills) Tail that extends beyond anus

  2. Intro to - Phylum Chordata Most Chordates are Vertebrate, meaning they have a back bone Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals 2 exceptions Tunicates Lancelets

  3. Phylum Chordata - Fish Aquatic vertebrates; most have paired fins, scales, and gills

  4. Food Source • Herbivores, carnivores, parasites, filter feeders, and detritus feeds (a single fish may exhibit several modes of feeding, depending on what type of food is available) Environment Salt and Fresh water Most fish cannot live in both types of water because their kidneys cannot maintain homeostasis

  5. Maintaining Homeostasis - Internal (Circulation, Respiration, Excretion) • Have gills • Closed circulatory system with a heart that pumps blood around the body in a single loop from heart to gills then gills to rest of body • Rid their body of nitrogenous waste through ammonia through the gills or kidney Maintaining Homeostasis - External (Response) • Well developed nervous system with a brain, cerebrum, cerebellum, and a medulla oblongata. • Lateral line system- senses other fish or prey near by

  6. Reproduction • External or Internal fertilization • In many fish the female lays the eggs and the embryos develop and hatch outside of her body. • Evolutionary Milestone • Vertebrate - notochord Movement • They alternate contracting paired sets of muscles on either side of the backbone, creating a S-shaped curve down their bodies

  7. Picture and Vocabulary Picture on page 771 Figure 30-6 Vocabulary: cartilage(773), swim bladder(777)

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