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Understanding Engine Specifications and Measurements

Learn how internal combustion engine specifications are determined, identify measuring tools, and check major engine specifications. Discover tools like micrometer caliper, plastigage, and torque wrench used in engine component measurement.

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Understanding Engine Specifications and Measurements

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  1. Lesson Measuring Engine Components and Specifications

  2. Interest Approach • How are internal combustion engine specifications determined?

  3. Student Learning Objectives • Identify measuring and testing equipment for internal combustion engines • Identify the specifications of an internal combustion engine • Explain four major specifications to be checked on small engines.

  4. Compression gage Dial indicator Flat feeler gage Inside micrometer set Micrometer caliper Plastigage Round-wire gage Tachometers Telescoping gage Torque wrench Terms

  5. Tools Used in Measuring Engine Components • Micrometer caliper – precision measuring tool for taking outside measurements. • Inside micrometer – determines the inside of a cylinder.

  6. Tools Used in Measuring Engine Components • Flat feeler gage – recognizes the spacing between two surfaces. • Dial indicator – recognizes the spacing between two surfaces and records readings of the dial needle.

  7. Tools (continued) • Round-wire gage – used in measuring the electrode gap of spark plugs. • Plastigage – a thin, plastic, threadlike material used to measure the clearance between the bearing journal on a crankshaft and the bearing rod cap.

  8. Plastigage

  9. Tools (continued) • Torque wrench – the hand tool used for torque which bolts and nuts must be tightened to. • Compression gage – helps in determining if there is a problem with the cylinder, piston rings, valves, or gaskets. • It measures compression pressure in pounds per square foot.

  10. CompressionGage

  11. Tools (continued) • Telescoping gage – a tool used for measuring inside diameter. • Tachometers – used for reading revolutions per minute.

  12. Telescoping Gage

  13. Specifications of an internal combustion engine • Charts detail the exact specification to increase performance and prolong life. • Related to engine size and work requirements. • Clearances of the intake and exhaust valves .

  14. Four major specifications on small engines • Fuel • Oxygen • Compression • Ignition

  15. Fuel • Use the fuel recommended by the manufacturer. • Guidelines for carburetor adjustments: • Turning valve clockwise creates leaner fuel mixture. • Turning valve counter clockwise creates richer fuel mixture.

  16. Oxygen • Engines need to take in clean air in order for combustion to occur. • Air filters should be routinely checked and cleaned.

  17. Compression • Not having compression indicates a serious problem in the engine. • Quick test method: pull the starter rope. • If there is no resistance against the starter rope, the engine lacks compression.

  18. Ignition • Routinely check spark plugs. • Clean the electrodes with a wire brush. • If reinstalling spark plugs, the plug gap should be adjusted properly.

  19. Setting the gap on a spark plug

  20. Review / Summary • What are some of the instruments used for measuring internal combustion engines? • What are the specifications of an internal combustion engine? • What are four major specifications that are commonly checked on small engines?

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