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Series Circuits

Series Circuits. 8 Note Boxes. A Battery and a Bulb-Simple Circuits. Unsuccessful ways to light a bulb. . A Battery and a Bulb-Simple Circuits. Unsuccessful ways to light a bulb. Successful ways to light a bulb. Electrons Flow…. from the negative part of the battery through the wire

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Series Circuits

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  1. Series Circuits 8 Note Boxes

  2. A Battery and a Bulb-Simple Circuits • Unsuccessful ways to light a bulb.

  3. A Battery and a Bulb-Simple Circuits • Unsuccessful ways to light a bulb. • Successful ways to light a bulb.

  4. Electrons Flow… • from the negative part of the battery through the wire • to the side (or bottom) of the bulb • through the filament inside the bulb • out the bottom (or side) • through the wire to the positive part of the battery • The current then passes through the battery to complete the circuit.

  5. Series Circuits Box #1-2 notes • In series circuits, current can only take one path. • The amount of current is the same at all points in a series circuit.

  6. Series Circuits Box #2 • The main disadvantage of a series circuit is that when one device fails, the current in the whole circuit stops. • Some cheap light strings are connected in series. • When one lamp burns out, you have to replace it or no lights work.

  7. Voltage in a Series Circuit Box #3-2notes • Voltage: electrical potential; gives force to move electrons through a circuit • Voltage is linked to energy; to increase voltage you can use a stronger battery OR add batteries

  8. More voltage is like a stronger pump • Giving more force and more current • To find total voltage, you simply add each individual battery

  9. Voltage-Potential Holders • Batteries are considered to contain potential energy; often called potential difference • Batteries give voltage: circuits use voltage • The voltage at the negative end of the batteries is always zero

  10. Electrical Current Box #4-3 notes • Current: moving electrons; how easily electrons can move • Increasing electricity (voltage)=More current=Brighter lights! • Current is measured in amps (energy!) C-I-A

  11. Light bulbs, motors, and wires create resistancein a circuit. Resistance: slows down the current The longer the wire or the more bulbs/motors, the more the resistance. Resistance is measured in Ohms Total resistance in a series circuit Box #5-4 notes

  12. Adding Resistance Box #6 • Adding devices in a circuit increases resistance • More resistance=less current • Less current=less light

  13. Adding resistances in series • Each resistance in a series circuit adds to the total resistance of the circuit. Box #7 Rtotal = R1 + R2 + R3... Total resistance (ohms) Individual resistances (W)

  14. Ohms’s Law Box #8 (Amps) (volts) (ohms)

  15. Each separate resistance creates a voltage drop as the current passes through. As current flows along a series circuit, each type of resistor transforms some of the electrical energy into another form of energy Ohm’s law is used to calculate the voltage drop across each resistor. Voltage in a series circuit Box #6

  16. Objectives • Recognize and sketch examples of series circuits. • Calculate the current in a series circuit containing up to three resistances. • Calculate the total resistance of a circuit by combining series resistances • Design and construct series circuits

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