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Amtrak Presentation to the California Transportation Commission. February 19, 2009 Anne Witt, Vice President Amtrak Strategic Partnerships. Today’s Discussion. Amtrak’s California Partnership New Federal Mandates Implications of Success / Issues Moving Forward. Amtrak’s National System.
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AmtrakPresentation to the California Transportation Commission February 19, 2009 Anne Witt, Vice President Amtrak Strategic Partnerships
Today’s Discussion • Amtrak’s California Partnership • New Federal Mandates • Implications of Success / Issues Moving Forward
Amtrak’s National System Amtrak’s national system spans 21,000 route miles and serves 527 stations in 46 states
Amtrak Short Distance CorridorsIncludes 19* State-Supported and 8* System Corridors *3 Corridors are partially state funded
California: Amtrak’s Premier Partner • Approximately 70 daily intercity trains • Three State Sponsored Corridors • Four Long Distance Trains • Two Major Maintenance facilities • Los Angeles • Oakland • In Fiscal Year 08: • More than 1 in 5 Amtrak riders in California • Corridors equal 19.3% of Amtrak system ridership • 11,866,636 total boardings/alightings • 2,740 CA residents employed • $127,700,783 spent for goods and services Capitol Corridor San Joaquins Pacific Surfliner
Top Ten Corridors by Ridership, FY 08 Corridor Ridership Length Change from FY07 Frequencies NEC 10,897,852 457 mi +8.6% 158 Surfliner 2,898,859 128 mi +7.1% 25 (SD-SLO) Capitol 1,693,580 133 mi +16.8% 32 (SJ-Sacramento) Keystone 1,183,821 104 mi +19.8% 29 Empire 994,391 141 mi +3.8% 24 San Joaquin 949,611 315 mi +18.0% 12 Cascades 760,323 467 mi +12.8% 12 Hiawatha 749,659 86 mi +25.9% 14 Chicago-St. Louis 476,427 284 mi +16.5% 8 Downeaster 474,492 116 mi +31.2% 10 #2 #3 #6 Green highlight indicates corridor is also one of the ten fastest-growing corridors
Ten Fastest Growing Corridors, FY 08 Corridor Ridership Length Change from FY07 Frequencies Downeaster 474,492 116 mi +31.2% 10 Piedmont 65,941 173 mi +30.4% 2 Kansas City- 151,690 283 mi +30.2% 4 St. Louis Hiawatha 749,659 86 mi +25.9% 14 Albany-Toronto 354,492 403 mi +22.9% 2 Hoosier State 31,774 196 mi +20.6% 2 Keystone 1,183,821 104 mi +19.8% 29 Chicago-Quincy 202,814 86 mi +19.8% 4 Chicago-Carbondale 271,082 284 mi +18.5% 4 Heartland Flyer 80,892 116 mi +18.5% 2 This is a healthy cross-section of service types, frequencies, regions, and services
Amtrak State Supported Services – Revenue From States • Legislation authorizes States to buy service from Amtrak • States Pay Amtrak through combination of: • State Supported Train Passenger Revenue • Ticket sales • Food • Baggage charges • State Support Payments • Gap between Direct Costs and Revenue • FY 08 • Total State Supported Passenger Ticket Revenue: $233.8 million* • Total State Support Payments: $165 million • Average Fare Box Recovery Ratio for States in FY 08: 57%** *Includes fully and/or partially state supported routes **Measured as Passenger Related Revenue/Direct Costs
State Supported Services – Costs Billed to States • Direct Costs billed: • Direct Incremental Costs • Eliminated if trains eliminated • e.g. host railroad payments, T&E and OBS crews, fuel, most mechanical cost, dedicated route stations • Other Direct Costs • Costs shared with other trains/routes • “directly shared” e.g. shared stations, mechanical overhead, insurance, yard ops, marketing and advertising, • “indirectly shared” e.g. police and security, environmental and safety, crew management • Costs not currently billed to States: • Amtrak owned infrastructure fixed maintenance (capital) • Capital charges for equipment • System overhead (indirect office rent, data center, etc.) • Interest • Depreciation
Major Drivers of Operating Expenses • Labor • Presidential Emergency Board Ruling • Average 28% wage increase • 7 years’ back pay • Fuel • Expired Hedging Agreements • Market volatility versus demand-based variations • Security • New concerns and requirements • Initial growth versus steady-state operations • On-Time Performance • Affects costs: fuel, overtime, accommodations • Affects revenue & ridership
Workforce: Continued Productivity Focus Employee headcount Fiscal Year • Double-digit ridership growth absorbed within current workforce • - Controlled Management Ratio • - Technology Applications • Internet Sales • Point of Sale/Fare Collection • - Work Methods • Reliability Centered Maintenance
Amtrak Financial Transparency:Long-term and Growing Issue • Financial systems are complete and accurate • But designed for other applications/purposes • Required to capture all costs in “zero-sum” manner • Change in one place affects all other numbers • Not policy-driven • Financial systems do not meet State pricing needs • Backward-looking: FY 07 results just completed • Based on national network and then allocated to routes • Unsuited for forecasting, multi-year contracts, future service scenarios • Requires protracted, iterative (frustrating) negotiations
2008 PASSENGER RAIL INVESTMENT & IMPROVEMENT ACT Recognized Need for Improved Model: • TITLE II – AMTRAK REFORM AND OPERATIONAL IMPROVEMENTS • Sec. 201 National Railroad Passenger Transportation System. (a) The national system is defined as: the segment of the continuous NEC between Boston and Washington DC; other high-speed corridors designated by the Secretary but only after regularly scheduled intercity service has been established; long distance routes for more than 750 miles operated by Amtrak on the date of enactment hereof; short distance corridors of not more than 750 miles operated by Amtrak or another rail carrier that receives funds under Sec. 301 (State Capital Grants). • (b) and (d) Amtrak is authorized to contract with a State, regional or local authority, or another person to operate a route not included in the national system, and to discontinue it on the failure of financial support from such entity. • (c) Amtrak is also authorized to continue to develop non-high-speed intercity service. • (e) Amtrak’s mission shall be to provide high quality service that is trip-time competitive with other intercity travel options, and its goals shall include providing complementary intercity transportation in times of national disaster. • Sec. 209 State-Supported Routes. Within two years of the date of enactment, Amtrak shall, in consultation with the Secretary and Governors of affected States, establish a standardized methodology for allocating capital and operating costs between Amtrak and the States supporting Amtrak services. • If such a methodology is not adopted and implemented within 5 years of date of enactment, the STB shall determine and require the implementation of same.
New Federal Mandates: Passenger Rail Investment and Improvement Act (PRIIA) • Gives “lead” on passenger rail growth to States • State Matching Capital Grant Programs (Total FY09-13 Authorizations) • Capital Assistance For Intercity Passenger Rail ($1.9 Billion) • High-speed Rail Corridors ($1.5 Billion) • Rail Corridor Congestion Grants ($325 Million) • Requirements • State rail plans • Standardized methodology for allocating capital and operating costs of all corridor trains among states and Amtrak • (adopt by Oct 2010 and implement by Oct 2013 or STB does)
New Federal Mandates: Passenger Rail Investment and Improvement Act • “Next Generation Corridor Equipment Pool Committee” ($5 million FY10) • Includes states, Amtrak and FRA, other stakeholders • Standardized/Interoperable types of corridor equipment • (California Surfliner III as bi-level standard) • Determine specifications, procurement, ownership, etc. • Other miscellaneous requirements • New Metrics and Measures • OTP enforceable by Surface Transportation Board • Studies re service restoration including Pioneer, Sunset, North Coast Hiawatha
A New Federal Mandate: Economic Recovery Act (Stimulus) • $8 billion appropriation for three new Capital Grant Programs • Capital Assistance For Intercity Passenger Rail • High-speed Rail Corridors • Rail Corridor Congestion Grants • 100% Grant – no match • Specific Priority to High Speed Rail • State Rail Plans waived • Federal DOT Schedule: • 60 days: Submit plan to Congress • 120 days: Issue draft regulations for each program • Grants “remain available” through September 30, 2012
Financial Implications for Amtrak California Partnership • FY2010 numbers provided with more understandable transparency • Support services linked to direct benefits • Line-item costs enumerated and explainable • Cannot subsidize or absorb “caps” • Quarterly reconciliations • Forecasts dependent on fuel price assumptions/economic realities • Define contingencies and/or pass-though of actuals where necessary • Final Amtrak pricing policies subject to national process • Potentially complicates individual state schedules • Costs will not go down commensurate with PEB labor rate increases • Costs will likely increase as additional components charged re PRIIA • e.g. Equipment capital charge • Concurrent with state matching fund availability
Implications for Amtrak California Partnership • All tools to reduce net costs will require examination • Efficiencies • Mechanical services/equipment availability • Point of sale • Automated fare collection • New food service vendor/options • Fare structures • Rail 2 Rail Impacts/Revisions • Revenue Management potential • Connection to call center/Amtrak support system • Non-passenger Revenues • e.g. Advertising • Service configurations • Schedule, consists, load factors, etc.
Success Implications for Amtrak California Partnership • “The best of times in the worst of times” • Expanded expectations out of line with State/Amtrak resource and staffing capabilities • New funding is capital, not operating • Requires increased revenue, ridership, and/or state support • Waiver of state rail plans opens competition for new federal funds • Current financial systems/budgeting processes currently inadequate • Equipment Capacity : • Improved maintenance, availability, reliability • Surfliner III’s status: • Utilization and load factors • in relationship to Next Generation Corridor Equipment effort in PRIIA • per State bonding issues
Amtrak: Committed to a Successful California Partnership • Proud of Heritage and Success • Committed to addressing Shortcomings • Financial Systems • Mechanical Operations • Open-minded in Emerging New Environment • Offering Important and Unique Advantages to State
California Corridor Growth: Amtrak’s Unique Added Value • Access to railroad expertise • Operations/transportation • Engineering • Mechanical • Institutional/Legal • Access to equipment/expertise/interoperability • Access to host railroads at incremental cost • Access to insurance/liability coverage • Access to IT systems support (reservations, train status, ticketing) • National visibility and voice in support of passenger rail
Amtrak Ridership: All-Time Highs • FY 08 ridership was 28.7 million • Up 11.1% from FY 07 • Fuel Volatility • Improved On-Time Performance • Improved Customer Service/Satisfaction
Amtrak Revenue – Exceeding Ridership Growth • FY 08 ticket revenues were $1.734 billion • Up 14.2% from FY 07 • Grew 21.8% faster than ridership • - Market pricing actions • - Revenue management Revenue Yield Per Passenger Mile*
Safety: Primary Focus – now combined with Security Injuries per 200,000 hours worked Fiscal Year NOTE: Based on the FRA standard of reportable injuries per 200,000 hours worked.
Corporate Debt: Managing within our Means Fiscal Year
Federal Support for Operations – Responsible Stewardship Fiscal Year FY 09 funded at a “continuing resolution” level through March • Federal government spent $400 million to support Amtrak operations in FY 08 • -About $1.31 per American • -Covers about 14 percent of Amtrak’s operating expense NOTE: Financial adjustments in FY01 included losses which should have been included in FY00.