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Array in C++ / review

Array in C++ / review. An array contains multiple objects of identical types stored sequentially in memory. The individual objects in an array, referred to as array elements, can be addressed using a number, called index or subscript .

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Array in C++ / review

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  1. Array in C++ / review

  2. An array contains multiple objects of identical types stored sequentially in memory. • The individual objects in an array, referred to as array elements, can be addressed using a number, called index or subscript. • The array is the most commonly used data storage structure. • It helps us to see how object-oriented programming and data structures relate to each other.

  3. Like a regular variable, an array must be declared before it is used. A typical declaration for an array in C++ is: type name [ no of elements]; • You can create an array from any type with the exception of some special types. • An array always occupies a contiguous memory space. To know how much memory spaces an array needs, for example, if we have an array of 10 elements, this space is 10*sizeof(float) = 40 bytes.

  4. when declaring an array, there is a possibility to assign initial values to each one of its elements. • To access the values of an array; being able to both read and modify its value by using this format : • name[index]

  5. # include <iostream> # include <iomanip> using namespace std; int main() { int n[10]; for( int i=0;i<10;i++) n[i] =0; cout<<“Element”<<setw(13)<<“value”<<endl; for(int j=0; j<10;j++) cout<<setw(7)<<j<<setw(13)<<n[j]<<endl; return 0; }

  6. How to assign initial values to a char array : char name[ ] = “welcome back"; This definition is equivalent to char name[ ] = {‘w’, ‘e’, ‘l’, ‘c’, ‘o’, ‘m’, ‘e’, ‘ ‘ , ‘b’, ‘a’, ‘c’, ‘k’, ‘\0’};

  7. Multidimensional arrays • can be described as "arrays of arrays". • Multidimensional arrays are not limited to two indices. #define WIDTH 3 #define HEIGHT 2 int table [HEIGHT][WIDTH]; int n,m; int main () { for (n=0;n<HEIGHT; n++) for (m=0; m<WIDTH; m++) { table [n][m]=(n+1)*(m+1); } return 0; }

  8. Array Advantages: • Easier to declare and use. • Can be used with most of the data types. Array Disadvantages: • Fixed size data. • Ex: if the number of elements to be stored are more than the maximum size, the array cannot accommodate those new values.

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