Coastal Navigation , Mike Pyzel Chapters 1 & 2

1. Coastal Navigation, Mike Pyzel Chapters 1 & 2

2. Latitude

3. Longitude

4. Mercator Projection

5. Other Projections

7. Chart Scales

8. Compass Rose

9. Magnetic Variation

10. T-V-M-D-C • True north refers to the north geographic pole of the earth, essentially the axis of the earth’s rotation • Variationthe difference between true north and magnetic north • Magnetic north refers to the north magnetic pole which is some distance away from the north geographic pole and is constantly changing • Deviationthe error between magnetic north and compass north and refers to the inaccuracy of a particular compass on a particular boat on a particular heading • Compassthe direction pointed by a particular compass on a particular boat on a particular heading

11. Deviation

12. Determine your Compass Deviation

13. T-V-M-D-C

14. Navigation Tools • Steering compass with deviation table • Hand bearing compass and/or pelorus • Binoculars • Protractor or parallel rules • Depth sounder or lead line • Pencil, eraser and notebook • Dividers • Watch or clock • Log / Knotmeter • Simple Calculator

15. Hand Bearing Compass

16. Pelorus

17. Ploting a Latitude-Longitude Position • Hold the parallel rules horizontally and accurately place them along an east-west line such as the bottom scale, which is parallel to the equator. Then press down firmly on the bottom rule and slide the top rule up the page; walk the rules up until the top rule aligns with the desired latitude. Draw a horizontal line; this is a line of latitude. Next, hold the parallel rules vertically and place them accurately along a north-south line such as the left hand scale;press down firmly on the left rule and slide the right rule to the right until it reaches the desired longitude. Draw a vertical line; this is a line of longitude. • Where these two lines intersect is the position fix, which should be marked with a circle and dot and the time.

18. Ploting a Latitude-Longitude Position; Alternate Method • An alternate method for drawing these lines using the dividers to measure the distance from a vertical reference line and marking a small pencil tick with the dividers. Then use the parallel rules, properly aligned, to draw a vertical longitude line. A similar procedure can be used to draw the horizontal latitude line.

19. Lines of Direction • To draw a line of direction at a desired angle, lay the Parallel Rules through the center marker of the nearest compass rose and through the desired angle on either the True or Magnetic compass rose. Walk the Rules to where you want the line and draw it.

20. Lines of Direction; Alternate Method

21. Publications • Coast Pilots: Published by NOAA giving similar details as noted in cruising guides. However, they are slanted more toward shipping rather than coastal cruisers, so some detail is omitted. Coast Pilots are an authoritative resource for information on weather, currents and hazardous conditions that exist in the coastal area. Coast Pilots come in several volumes covering U.S. Waters only. • Light List: This USCG Publication gives details on all navigational aids in US. Waters. Of particular value is the description of lights, fog signals and radio beacons, including their characteristics. Five volumes cover U.S. Waters. They are updated annually. (www.navcen/uscg.gov/puhs/ LightLists/LightLists.htm). • Notice to Mariners: Booklet published weekly containing corrections which apply to all charts and publications produced by the U.S. Government. This informatjon will later he included in new editions of each. (www.chartmaker.ncd.noaa.gov/rnccl/ Updates/index.htm) • Tide and Current Tables: Tidal Differences and other Constants, Current Differences and other Constants, Indes to Stations (http://www.co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/tide_pred.html, http://www.co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/currents04/currpred.html)