2-26-18 Volcano Formation

1. 2-26-18 Volcano Formation Lesson Objective: Students will be able to describe how plate tectonics affect volcano formation. Essential Question: How do volcanoes form?

2. Do Now: Create/Update the KWL chart in your notebook about volcanoes.

3. Important Dates • Thursday, 3/1, Mock FSA Writing • Tuesday, 3/6, REAL FSA Writing • Wednesday, 3/7, Last Day to submit missing lab reports • Thursday, 3/8, Last Day to Retake quizzes

4. As you watch the following video on volcano formation, add at least one thing to the “L” column of your KWL chart • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jRfEGvp6wDU

5. How do volcanoes form? • The movement of Earth’s tectonic plates causes the formation of volcanoes and the eruptions that result. • Volcanoes can form along convergent plate boundaries. • When two plates collide, the denser plate sinks, or subducts, into the mantle.

6. How do volcanoes form? • The thermal energy below the surface and fluids driven off the subducting plate melt the mantle and form magma. • Because magma is less dense than the surrounding mantle, it rises through cracks in the crust and erupts, forming a volcano.

7. How do volcanoes form? • As plates separate at a divergent plate boundary, magma rises through the vent or opening in Earth’s crust that forms between them. • Magma erupting on the ocean floor forms new oceanic floor • More than 60% of all volcanic activity on Earth occurs along mid-ocean ridges

8. How do volcanoes form? • Not all volcanoes form on or near plate boundaries, such as volcanoes in Hawaii. • hot spots: locations where volcanoes form far from plate boundaries. • Punto caliente: lugarlejos de loslimites de las placasdonde se formanvolcanes. • Geologists hypothesize that hot spots originate above a plume—a rising convection current deep within Earth’s mantle. • As a tectonic plate moves over a plume, a volcano forms.

9. How do volcanoes form? As a result of continual movement of the plate, a chain of volcanoes form. The oldest volcano will be farthest away from the hotspot. The youngest volcano will be directly above the hotspot. As the volcano moves away from the hot spot, it becomes inactive.

10. Where do volcanoes form? • The Ring of Fire represents an area of earthquake and volcanic activity that surrounds the Pacific Ocean. • By comparing the locations of active volcanoes and plate boundaries, you can see that volcanoes are mostly along convergent plate boundaries where plates collide.

11. Stand Up, Hand Up, Pair Up • When told to move, you will stand up, hand up, and pair up with a partner and answer the first question on the Volcanoes Key Concept Builder worksheet. • After 1 minute, you should thank your partner and then stand up, hand up, and pair up to find a different partner to work on the next question. • Repeat until all questions are answered. • If we don’t finish in class, completion of this will be your homework. How do volcanoes form?