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Pre-birth: B.C. 63 - The Romans Come to Power, Pompey is ruler

Pre-birth: B.C. 63 - The Romans Come to Power, Pompey is ruler 37 – Herod the Great in Power in one of the Roman provinces – orders executions of his enemies 29 BC – Herod orders the death of Mariamne (his wife)

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Pre-birth: B.C. 63 - The Romans Come to Power, Pompey is ruler

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  1. Pre-birth: B.C. • 63 - The Romans Come to Power, Pompey is ruler • 37 – Herod the Great in Power in one of the Roman provinces – orders executions of his enemies • 29 BC – Herod orders the death of Mariamne(his wife) • 25 – 7 – Herod oversees huge Roman expansion of territory and construction of new cities (Caesarea) and monuments (especially in Jerusalem) Pompey Herod

  2. 6 – 5 B.C. – Jesus is born – Herod orders the slaughter of all Jewish babies (Mary and Joseph escape to Egypt) • 4 B.C. – Herod dies. His three sons (Archelaus, Philip, and Antipas) all make their case to Caesar Augustus (leader of the Roman empire) to be proclaimed the sole ruler (of Judea). • Augustus divides the land into three sections, with each son getting one section. Caesar Augustus

  3. Pre-Ministry (6 B.C – 26 A.D.) • After Jesus’ birth, and after hearing about Herod’s plan to kill all Jewish male babies, Mary and Joseph flee Bethlehem and go to Egypt • After Herod dies, they return to Israel but settle in Nazareth, thus fulfilling an OT prophecy that the Messiah would come from Nazareth An artists depiction of the boy Jesus in the temple

  4. The only recorded story of Jesus as a young boy that we have is found in Luke’s gospel where a 12 year old Jesus accompanies his parents to Jerusalem, and he goes to the temple and stuns the priests and teachers there with his knowledge of the law (Luke 2:41-50) – (but remember, Luke’s purpose was to do precisely this – a full and comprehensive biography, including everything)

  5. Jesus Begins His Public Ministry (26-27 A.D.) • All 4 gospels associate Jesus with John the Baptist (who was like a prophet, warning the people that their Messiah was about to arrive) • John the Baptist warns the people that they will need to repent and that salvation will come from Jesus, not from their family line or other tradition • John is often referred to as the “forerunner” of Jesus and in 26 A.D. John baptizes Jesus in the town of Bethany Francesca’s depiction of Jesus’ baptism by John the Baptist (1449)

  6. Jesus Begins His Public Ministry (26-27 A.D.) • Following Jesus’ baptism he goes to the wilderness to be tempted by Satan, before launching his ministry • Jesus resists the temptations and then returns to the region of Galilee • After his time in the desert or wilderness Jesus calls people to believe in Him • He then proceeds to call and gather a group of disciples (12) around him • They will accompany him and learn from him for the next three years “Christ in the Desert” by Ivan Kramskoy

  7. Ministry in Galilee (27-29 A.D.) • During this period Jesus’ friend and forerunner, John the Baptist is executed (Luke 3) by Herod • As Jesus begins to teach some are drawn to him, while others are offended because he mixes with people of different races and ethnic backgrounds • During the time Jesus’ fame did grow (partially because of the miracles he performed), but mostly because he claimed that God’s kingdom had come – here, on earth, but also later, in heaven The execution of John the Baptist

  8. Ministry in Galilee (cont.) 27-29 A.D. • Jesus did face opposition – especially from of the Jewish leaders. Why? 1. Many Jews began to favor his teaching to theirs 2. He had authority; they were losing their authority 3. He challenged the O.T. law (not because he thought it was wrong, but because it meant salvation was by what you did, not by who you were – as a person) 4. He associated with everyone without prejudice (Jewish leaders still reflected the 1st century belief that you only mingle with your own kind)

  9. 5. He performed miracles (they didn’t, and couldn’t) 6. He didn’t condemn the Roman government – they did (on paying taxes to Rome Jesus said, “…give to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s” 7. Frankly, he was smarter than them; he had more knowledge of the law than they did (like when a student is smarter than the teacher); it really bugged them!

  10. Timeline of Jesus’ Life: Jesus Travels Outside Galilee – (29 A.D.) • The anger of the Jewish leaders was increasing, so Jesus left Galilee and went to Tyre(to let things cool down a little) • However, by now he is recognized by the people, and crowds begin to flock to him (Matthew 15: 30,31) • From there, Jesus and his disciples go east to Caesarea Philippi where he tells them what their mission will be (as his disciples) • He asks what everyone is saying about him (Matthew 16:15,16), and then he warns them that it won’t be easy for them…that they will face persecution, perhaps even death

  11. Jesus Travels to Perea and Judea (29-30 A.D.) • During this trip Jesus performs of his most significant miracles…raising Lazarus from the dead (John 11:1-44) • After this miracle, Jesus’ fame soars, prompting Jewish leaders in Jerusalem to begin plotting his execution An artists depiction – 1500 AD

  12. Jesus knows his opponents are plotting against him, but he also know that he will ultimately need to return to Jerusalem (to fulfill the prophecy that he would be executed there) • He continuously warned his disciples of the cost of following him…and if they couldn’t bear that cost, they really shouldn’t continue

  13. Jesus’ Last Days (early 30 A.D.) • Jesus arrives in Jerusalem, fulfilling the prophecies of the Old Testament • He is hailed as the “Son of David” (Matthew 21:1-11), another OT prophecy

  14. The Christian church recognizes this day as Palm Sunday (because people lay palm branches down at his feet as he entered the city • It is also significant that he arrives while sitting on a donkey (a symbol of humility) and not a great stallion (which would symbolize a sort of earthly power) – this would have been noticed by the Pharisees

  15. The next days were filled with testing by the authorities (both Jewish and Roman) • Both tried to get Jesus to say something that might incriminate himself (get him in trouble) • On Thursday of that week, Jesus gathers his disciples together for a final meal (“The Last Supper”) • At this meal, Jesus tells his disciples what is going to happen to him • Judas (the betrayer) begins his devious plan to profit from the arrest and execution of his supposed lord and savior and friend

  16. Jesus is ultimately put on trial and executed by Roman authorities • He is buried by Joseph of Arimathea and placed in a tomb • He miraculously rises from the dead 3 days later, and proceeds to minister to a crowd of about 500 for the next 40 days before ascending into heaven Jesus before Pilate Jesus’ execution

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