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Crime and deviant behavior. Why crime happens?Why some groups and/or people tend to commit more crime than others?Which factors are crucial in determining whether a person and/or group will become criminal or not?Is culture one of these factors and, if yes, to which extend it plays a role?Wh
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1. Globalisation, Conduct Norms and ‘Culture Conflict’ The meaning of violence and crime in an ethnic Albanian context
Jana Arsovska
Euro-Atlantic Council of Macedonia
Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
2. Crime and deviant behavior Why crime happens?
Why some groups and/or people tend to commit more crime than others?
Which factors are crucial in determining whether a person and/or group will become criminal or not?
Is culture one of these factors and, if yes, to which extend it plays a role?
Who defines what is criminal behavior after all?
3. Project Description Social relevance: Albanian crime rates on the rise since 1991
Research problem: Albanian culture – cause, tool or excuse for Albanian criminality?
Aim/objective: Assessing the role of culture (in relation to other factors) in the rise of Albanian criminality
Duration: Feb.2006-July 2007
4. Methodology Large-scale public survey: face-to-face interviews with 864 ethnic Albanians from Kosovo, Albania and Macedonia
Cluster sampling (rep. by country, area, sub-culture, age, gender, education, economic status) and comprehensive structured questionnaire
Vignettes and person perception method used to elicit cultural norms, and to explore participants’ ethical frameworks/moral codes
5. The Kanun laws Lek Dukagjini (1410-1481) formalised the Kanun laws regulating every aspect of the Albanian community life
The Kanun sets up the rules on which the Albanian culture is based, mainly honour and hospitality
After fall of communism: de-limitation of the content of the Kanun code parallel to the expansion of the geographical-spatial region of influence
6. ‘Culture of Violence’ or ‘Culture Conflict’? The 3-way loyalty system: state, religion and culture
Official vs. unofficial normative systems
Conflict of conduct norms arises either as a result of a process of group differentiation within a cultural system, or as a result of contact between norms drawn from different cultural systems (Sellin 1938)
Globalization, applicability of Western legal norms to non-Western societies, and increase in crime
7. Score on the ‘Kanun’ testCorrect answer = 1 point Incorrect answer = -1 point Don’t know = 0 points