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Basic Indoctrination

Basic Indoctrination. Instrument Approach Procedures. Key Elements. 1) Definitions 2) Op Spec are controlling 3) STARs 4) Precision and Non-precision Approaches 5) Cat I Instrument Approach Procedures 6) TERPS criteria 7) Non-Precision Approach Procedures

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Basic Indoctrination

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  1. Basic Indoctrination Instrument Approach Procedures

  2. Key Elements 1) Definitions 2) Op Spec are controlling 3) STARs 4) Precision and Non-precision Approaches 5) Cat I Instrument Approach Procedures 6) TERPS criteria 7) Non-Precision Approach Procedures 8) Holding Patterns and Procedure Turns 9) Visual Approaches 10) Visual Cues Prior to Descent below MDA or DA(H) 11) Class I Navigation Class II Navigation 12) Approach Light System Configurations 13) Low Visibility Taxi Procedures 14) FOM and OCM Review

  3. INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURES DEFINITIONS

  4. Test your knowledge! • Absolute Altitude • Airport surveillance radar approach • Area navigation (RNAV) • Automatic terminal information service (ATIS) • Clearance limit • Decision Height • ILS Category I • Non-precision approach • Pressure altitude • Runway visual range (RVR) • Runway visibility value (RVV) • Touchdown zone elevation (TDZE). • Visual descent point (VDP).

  5. Operations Specifications are Controlling • History • Conceptual need • Legal Basis • Availability FSIMS

  6. INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURES stars

  7. STARS “Standard Terminal Arrival Routes” A STAR is an ATC coded IFR arrival route established for application to arriving IFR aircraft destined for certain airports.

  8. FOM Procedures • Pilots shall maintain the last assigned altitude until receiving clearance to change altitude. At that time, pilots are expected to comply with all published/issued restrictions. • The clearance may be in the form of normal descent clearance or the phraseology “Descend via.”“Descend Via”. • A “Descend via” clearance authorizes pilots to navigate vertically and laterally, in accordance with the depicted procedure, to meet published restrictions. • Vertical navigation is at pilot’s discretion; however, adherence to published altitude crossing restrictions and speeds is mandatory unless otherwise cleared. NOTE MEAs are considered restrictions; and pilots are expected to remain above MEAs. Pilots cleared for vertical navigation using the phraseology “Descend via” shall inform the next ATC facility upon initial contact.

  9. Preparing for the Arrival Baltia 151, cleared to Logan International via the GARDNER TWO ARRIVAL, Albany Transition, maintain 9,000

  10. Baltia 151, cleared via the JANESVILLE FOUR ARRIVAL Baltia 151, DESCEND via the JANESVILLE FOUR ARRIVAL

  11. STAR RWY 10L/R SANKT PETERBURG, RUSSIA

  12. STAR RWY 10L/R SANKT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA

  13. STAR RWY 28L/R SANKT PETERBURG, RUSSIA

  14. STAR RWY 28L/R SANKT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA

  15. STAR RWY 28L/R SANKT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA

  16. STAR RWY 28L/R SANKT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA

  17. RNAV • BALTIA is authorized to conduct RNAV arrivals utilizing the CMA 900 FMS. • Not authorized for RNAV Approaches • Review Area Navigation (RNAV) Arrival procedures AOM v1 21.1-21.2

  18. RNAV STAR PARCH 1 KJFK/JFK NEW YORK

  19. STAR ROBER 1 KJFK/JFK NEW YORK

  20. STAR PAWLING 2 KJFK/JFK NEW YORK

  21. INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURES Precision and non-precision approaches

  22. Precision approach: A standard instrument approach procedure in which both vertical and horizontal guidance is provided. Non-Precision approach:A standard instrument approach procedure in which only horizontal guidance is provided.

  23. INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURES Cat I Instrument Approach Procedures

  24. CAT I APPROACH REQUIREMENTS (PRECISION & NON-PRECISION) Pilot Qualifications • 1) The pilot-in-command must be specifically qualified and authorized to use minima below RVR 4000 (1200m) or 3/4 mile visibility (1200m). Weather Minima • Lowest authorized minima for Category I precision and non-precision approaches (unless higher minima are published): • 1) If the aircraft is established on the final approach segment and the controlling visibility decreases below the authorized minima, the approach may be continued to the applicable DA(H)/MDA for the approach being conducted. RVR • If the RVR is reported for a specific runway, the reported RVR controls. If the TDZ RVR is unavailable, use the Mid RVR report. The TDZ RVR is normally controlling. Far End RVR (if installed) provides advisory information.

  25. CAT I APPROACH REQUIREMENTS (PRECISION & NON-PRECISION) Ground Based Equipment (14. CFR 91.171(b), 91.171(c), 91.171(d)) 1) All of the following elements of the CAT I ground system must be in normal operation: a) Non-precision approach. 1) Nav-aids required for the approach. 2) ILS (CAT I only) a) Localizer, glide slope. b) Outer Marker or FAF. 3) A precision or surveillance radar fix, a designated NDB, VOR, DME fix, or a published minimum Glide Slope Intercept Altitude (GSIA) fix may be used instead of an Outer Marker. 4) Middle Marker - Not required. a) At foreign locations, if the MM out penalty is published in the minimum box, it applies. b) Inner Marker - Not required. 5) Lighting Requirements - Precision/Non-precision Refer to approach chart.

  26. CAT I APPROACH REQUIREMENTS (PRECISION & NON-PRECISION) Descent Below DA(H)/MDA Op Spec C052 1) Upon reaching the DA(H)/MDA, and at any time prior to the missed approach point, the pilot may continue the approach below the DA(H) or MDA and touchdown if the following conditions are met: a) The aircraft is continuously in a position from which a descent to a landing can be made at a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvers, and where that descent rate will allow touchdown to occur within the touchdown zone of the intended runway; and b) The pilot has at least one of the following visual references for the intended runway distinctly visible and identifiable: • Threshold. • Threshold markings. • Threshold lights. • Runway End Identifier Lights (REIL). •Visual Approach Slope Indicator (VASI). • Touchdown zone, touchdown zone markings. • Touchdown zone lights. • Runway or runway markings. • Runway edge lights. • Approach Light System (ALS). c) Sighting of LDIN lights is not sufficient to satisfy the requirement for distinct visual reference with the intended landing runway. 1) Sighting of the LDIN lights is sufficient to continue the approach beyond the MAP. 2) Do not descend below the MDA/DDA until, in addition to sighting the LDIN lights, the pilot has at least one other distinct visual reference as listed above. d) The pilot may not descend below 100 feet above the touchdown zone elevation using the approach lights as the sole reference unless: 1) The red terminating bars or the red side row bars are distinctly visible and identifiable, and 2) The flight visibility is not less than the visibility prescribed in the instrument approach procedure being used.

  27. Missed Approach • If the conditions stated in Descent Below DA(H)/MDA are not met, the pilot shall initiate the published missed approach at the appropriate time.

  28. CAT II/III APPROACH REQUIREMENTS14 CFR 91.189(g), Op Spec C059 & C060 (Not Approved) NOTE 1 Baltia is currently “not approved” to conduct Cat II/III approaches and landings. Dual or triple autoland may be conducted on any approved runway to Cat I minimums. Practice triple autoland landings and rollouts are encouraged once per rotation, to facilitate the required data collection for Cat II/III approval. NOTE 2 Training Cat II/III approach procedures is part of the requirement for the approval of exemption 5549. NOTE 3 Baltia is not authorized to conduct Cat II RA/NA (radio altimeter / not authorized) approaches. Use Cat I procedures NOTE 4 Baltia Is not authorized to conduct CAT II or CAT III operations at this time

  29. APPROACH RESTRICTIONS14 CFR 121.438, 121.652(a), 121.652(b), OpSpec C054, C389 Category I (Precision & Non-Precision) 1) If the Captain has less than 100 hours PIC in type (OE or F/O time does not count), accomplish the following: a) Cat I Precision Approach. 1) Refer to Exemption 5549, this section. b) Non-precision or Cat I Approach (Exemption 5549 not applicable). 1) Add 100 feet to DA(H)/MDA. 2) Add 1/2 mile to the visibility. For RVR additives, refer to RVR Equivalency Table, this section.

  30. APPROACH RESTRICTIONS14 CFR 121.438, 121.652(a), 121.652(b), OpSpec C054, C389 2) The following aircraft are considered the same type when satisfying these requirements: B-747-200 and B- 747-300

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