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 12 December 20 0 6 BAQ 2006 Kong Ha Environment a l Protection Department

In-Use Diesel Vehicles Retrofit In Hong Kong – Experience and Development.  12 December 20 0 6 BAQ 2006 Kong Ha Environment a l Protection Department T he Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Implementation of Retrofit Technologies on buses.

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 12 December 20 0 6 BAQ 2006 Kong Ha Environment a l Protection Department

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  1. In-Use Diesel Vehicles Retrofit In Hong Kong – Experience and Development  12 December 2006 BAQ 2006 Kong Ha Environmental Protection Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

  2. Implementation of Retrofit Technologies on buses • Started Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) trial in 1995 • DOC reduces PM, HC and CO • Voluntarily installing DOC on Pre-Euro and Euro I buses ( 2,600 units) • The trial of passive particulate trap is on going until end of 2006 • If the trial is successful, installation of traps will be completed by 2009

  3. Implementation of Retrofit Technologies • Assist Pre-Euro (pre-1995) diesel vehicle owners to install approved devices • Light Diesel Vehicle (below 4 tonnes) Low Cost Retrofitting Program • 2 approved devices with over 30% PM reduction and 3 years warranty • Mandatory cleaning required trap • Catalyst • Completed on October 2001 (about 24,000 vehicles retrofitted) • Installation of approved emission reduction devices are mandatory for pre-Euro < 4 tonnes diesel vehicles since Dec 2003

  4. Implementation of Retrofit Technologies • Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles (over 4 tonnes) • Conducted a trial in February 2000 • 57 trial vehicles installed with catalysts of about 35% particulate removal efficiency • Possible white smoke from long idling vehicles • Emission reduction test result and trade comment were all positive • Consult particulate removal device specification with international experts

  5. Specifications For Diesel Retrofit Devices For Vehicles Over 4 Tons Diesel Retrofit Expert Panel Progress Report (24 July 2001)

  6. Purpose of DREP • To Develop Realistic Specification • Identify Devices Which Will Truly Reduce PM Emissions • Assure No Other Negative Consequences • Prevent Approval of Ineffective Devices • Separate Requirements For local (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel) and Cross Boundary (0.02% Sulfur Diesel) Vehicles

  7. Basic Performance Specifications • PM Emissions Reductions of at least 25% • No Increase in NOx Emissions • Not exceeding Vehicle Manufacturers Maximum Backpressure Limits • 500 hours durability demonstration • Warranty Coverage • In Use Verification

  8. Report on July 2001 • Draft Specifications sent to the potential suppliers on 5 July 2001 by e-mail : 139 by fax : 10 by post : 258 • 23 companies provided written comment

  9. Chassis/Engine Dynamometer Certification Testing • Representative Test Engine • Tests With/Without The Device • Measure PM/SOF, CO, THC, NOx, CO2 • Steady State & Transient Tests with 0.03/0.40 % minimum sulfur diesel fuel • Production devices must be identical to certification device

  10. In Use Verification Testing for DOC • Random Screening Tests • 10 Randomly Selected Vehicles Each Year • Short Test at Governed Speed • Average HC or CO reduction at least 70% of Certification Level • If fails, device manufacturer responsible for diagnosis, designing fix and after authority approval, instituting repairs at his cost • May require full certification testing at Authority’s discretion • Individual Failures Repaired by Manufacturer

  11. In Use Verification Testing for Non-DOC • Burden is on the suppliers to provide valid procedures for DREP approval

  12. Other Conditions For the Suppliers • Will not cause any unreasonable risk to health, welfare, safety • Details of the Principle of Operation must be convincing and accepted by DREP • No Engine components or setting modifications • Warranty of 250,000 km or 5 Years • No maintenance necessary or additive for device through out warranty period • No Additional Maintenance Requirements on Vehicles

  13. Particulate Retrofit Device:For pre-Euro non cross boundary diesel vehicles Specification: • Drawn up by an international expert panel • For Hong Kong diesel sulphur content of 0.005% • 35% particulate removal minimum when new • 25 % particulate removal minimum after 5 years or 250,000 km • 5 years workmanship and durability warranty

  14. Particulate Retrofit Device:For pre-Euro non cross boundary diesel vehicles Tendering Results : • 6 bidders, • 3 Suppliers selected Up to 4,000 c.c. US$640 4,001 to 7,000 c.c. US$897 7,001 to 12,000 c.c. US$1,602 12,001 to 15,000 c.c. US$1,923 Over 15,000 c.c. US$2,436

  15. Particulate Retrofit Device:For pre-Euro non cross boundary diesel vehicles Installations : • Retrofit Program started at end of December 2002 • Complete retrofitting of about 26,570 pre-Euro (1995) vehicles in 18 months (end in June 2004)

  16. Particulate Retrofit Device:For pre-Euro cross boundary diesel vehicles Specifications : • Drawn up by an international expert panel • For China diesel sulphur content of 0.2% • 25% particulate removal minimum when new • 25 % particulate removal minimum after 5 years or 250,000 km • 5 years workmanship and durability warranty

  17. Particulate Retrofit Device:For pre-Euro cross boundary diesel vehicles Tendering results: • 2 rounds of tendering; • 3 bidders • 1 supplier selected, • Up to 7,000 cc US$942 • 7,001 – 12,000 cc US$1,474 • 12,001 – 15,000 cc US$1,917 • Over 15,000 cc US$2,314

  18. Particulate Retrofit Device:For pre-Euro cross boundary diesel vehicles Installation: • Retrofitting Program started in July 2003 • Complete retrofitting of about 7,500 pre-Euro (1995) vehicles in 18 months (end in December 2004)

  19. Long Idling Duty Cycle Vehicles • Operation including routine idling under low load condition for about 30 minutes before moving Concrete Mixer Gully Emptier Lorry Crane Pressure Tanker Aerial Platform Mobile Crane Mobile Concrete Pump • Two DOCs seems to meet ‘no white smoke’ test procedure during trial

  20. Specifications of Particulate Removal Devicefor Long Idling Duty Cycle Vehicles • Drawn up by an international expert panel • For Hong Kong diesel sulphur content of 0.005% • 35% particulate removal when new • 25% particulate removal after 5 years or 250,000 km • Before and after ‘long idle’ test procedure, the HC must be within 15% and less than 50 ppm • 5 years workmanship and durability warranty

  21. Particulate Retrofit Device:For Long Idling Duty Cycle vehicles Tendering results: • 3 bidders • 1 supplier selected, • Up to 7,000 cc US$1,474 • 7,001 – 15,000 cc US$2,308 • Over 15,000 cc US$2,820

  22. Particulate Retrofit Device:For Long Idling Duty Cycle vehicles Installation: • Begin Retrofitting Program in end of June 2005 • Complete retrofitting of about 2,500 pre-Euro (1995) vehicles in end December 2005

  23. Particulate Retrofit Device • Overall Installation Statistics • Less than 4 tonnes – 24,000 units • Over 4 tonnes – 26,000 units (non-cross boundary) • Over 4 tonnes – 7,500 units (cross boundary) • Over 4 tonnes – 2,500 units (Long Idling)

  24. In use testing procedures • 10 randomly selected vehicles for testing each year within warranty period; • Correct the failure by contractors; • CO measurement by NDIR analyser; • CO reduction should meet contract requirements; • Exhaust temp and back pressure should be recorded; • Back pressure should not increase more than 25mmHg.

  25. In use Particulate Retrofit Device Test Result • Over 3 years of on-road application • Over 180 in-use DOC were tested • CO emission test showed compliance with contract requirement • Back pressure data comply with contract requirement (less than 25 mmHg)

  26. Retrofit Complaints Experience • Complaint rate was at 0.5% initially　 • Now is at 0.14% and dropping • All complaintswere resolved by suppliers • Nature of complaints: • Material and workmanship • Excess smoke • Affect engine operation • Others (installation and repair arrangement, exhaust pipe damage, etc) • Be ready for some negative media reporting

  27. Retrofit Complaints Experience

  28. Emission Benefits of Retrofitting Low Cost Particulate Traps and Catalysts on Pre Euro Vehicles Low Cost Particulate TrapsPre-EuroPost-Euro # of diesel vehicles up to 4 tonnes about 40,000 24,000 Urban PM emission reduction 6% 1% Diesel Catalysts # of diesel vehicles over 4 tonnes about 50,000 25,000 Urban PM emission reduction 9% 4%

  29. Way Forward • All Pre-Euro Diesels have retrofitted with Particulate Removal Device • Legislation mandates the installation of Pre-Euro diesel vehicles (except long idling vehicles) • Expert panel to approve additional suitable device • Put in trial more advance devices such as partial filter

  30. Issuance of Emission Testing Notice ADVANCED SMOKE TEST SINCE SEP 1999 DIESEL TO LPG TAXI ULTRA-LOW SULPHUR DIESEL TRAP/DOC FIXED PENALTY $1000 ON-GOING SPOTTER TRAINING

  31. Average Hourly Spot Rate ADVANCED SMOKE TEST SINCE SEP 1999 DIESEL TO LPG TAXI ULTRA-LOW SULPHUR DIESEL TRAP/DOC FIXED PENALTY $1000 ON-GOING SPOTTER TRAINING

  32. Effect on PM Vehicle Emissions due to Various Control Measures

  33. Effect on NOx Vehicle Emissions due to Various Control Measures

  34. Other information mt@epd.gov.hk 谢谢各位!

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