OMD552-Hospital Waste Management

1. OMD552-Hospital Waste Management UNIT-I (HEALTHCARE HAZARD CONTROL AND UNDERSTANDING ACCIDENTS)

2. UNIT-I Syllabus Healthcare Hazard Control: Introduction, Hazard Control: Management & Responsibilities, Hazard Analysis, Hazard Correction, Personal Protective Equipment, Hazard Control Committees, Accident Causation Theories, Accident Reporting, Accident Investigations, Accident Analysis, Accident Prevention, Workers‟ Compensation, Orientation, Education, and Training.

3. Healthcare • Healthcare is one of the fastest growing sectors in most of the country’s economy. • Healthcare organization seeks to maintain revenues, minimize losses, serve their communities, and meet regulatory or accreditation requirements which need effective safety functions. • Advances in medical technology and clinical treatment techniques expose workers and patients to a variety of potential hazards. • Rates of occupational injury to healthcare workers have risen over the past decade. • Safety will remain a key function in healthcare organizations which emphasis on emergency management, indoor air quality, and patient safety.

4. Hazard? • The International Board for Certification of Safety Managers (IBFCSM) defines a hazardas “any solid, gas, or liquid with the potential to cause harm when interacting with an array of initiating stimuli including human-related factors.” • Safety issues facing healthcare organizations, • Needlesticks • Back injuries • Slips and falls • Laser hazards • Chemical exposures • Biological hazards • Workplace violence & Community

5. International Board • The International Board for Certification of Safety Managers (IBFCSM), founded in 1976 operated for some time as the Board of Certified Hazard Control Management (BCHCM). • Motto of IBFCSM is Individual Credentials—The Key to Upgrading the Profession, reflects the on improving organizational safety and hazard control functions. • The board offers qualified working healthcare professionals an opportunity to earn their credential through, • Certified Healthcare Safety Professional (CHSP) • Certified Healthcare Emergency Professional (CHEP), • Certified Patient Safety Officer (CPSO)

6. International Board (Continued…) • The board offers to add the healthcare Fire Safety Management (FSM) designation to their primary certification for CHSP and CHEP credential holders • The board offers a registered healthcare safety technician-environmental services (RHST-EVS) designation fills a vital need for a credential for those responsible for cleaning and disinfecting healthcare facilities. • The board also offers qualified candidates the opportunity to earn their credential in, • Certified Hazard Control Manager (CHCM) • Certified Hazard Control Manager-Security (CHCM-SEC) • Certified Product Safety Manager (CPSM)

7. Hazard control • Hazard control is also known as safety which emphasis on preventing accidents, illnesses, and injuries. • Need a proactive hazard control approach based on leadership involvement and the practice of effective management • Senior healthcare leaders must learn to promote hazard control and safety as an organizational value. • The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) continues to highlight the importance of safety and health for all healthcare organizations including hospitals, nursing homes, surgery centers, and physician practices.

8. Hazard control (Continued…) • The scope of a hazard is to cause human harm (injuries, illnesses), property damage, risk to the environment (work interruptions), or a combination of all three. • The board defines hazard closingas the process of two or more hazards or causal factors attempting to occupy the same space at the same time. • The interaction of these causal factors is called as the accident generation cycle.

9. Fail in Hazard control? • Most organizations must comply with a number of safety and environmental standards to minimize risky and unsafe behaviors. • Failing to so can impact morale, operational productivity, and result in higher accident rates. • Once, a healthcare maintenance supervisor leaving a safety responsibility presentation that, “I will never again tell any of my technicians to work safely because of compliance, accreditation, or organizational requirements.” He then said, “I will tell my subordinates that we will work safely on every task because it is the right thing to do.” • He decided to become a leader instead of as the key motivators for working safely.

10. How to do Hazard control? • Companies, businesses, and institutions must make hazard control a priorityorganizational function. • Proactive hazard control can improve operational efficiency, organizational effectiveness, and the bottom line. • The hazard control profession should focus to prevent accidents, injuries, and other losses using management, leadership, and improvement principles. • Senior leaders must ensure that organizational members promptly report accidents, hazards, close-call incidents, and unsafe behaviors. • Organizations can do little to improve safety-related behaviors or encourage continuous learning processes. • Passive hazard control efforts can communicate a general awareness about the importance of working safely.

11. Continued... • When organizational leaders and supervisors make people the priority, adherence to established policies and compliance standards becomes easier to achieve. • Most experienced hazard control managers use leadership to minimize risky and unsafe behaviors & understand the importance of engineering principles which plays in preventing accidents and injuries. • Some well-known engineering innovations such as fire prevention technologies and safer machine designs.

12. HAZARD CONTROL MANAGEMENT • Hazard control management must focus on developing processes or systems that can prevent harm and loss. • The process requires written policies, plans, or procedures which should direct the hazard control function. • Hazard control is not a program but as a function of the organization. • Considering hazard control as a function of the organization elevates its priority in the minds of everyone. • The function must connect with organizational structures and operational philosophies.

13. 7 Values of Hazard Control Management • Never-ending process • People focused • Leadership driven • Operational priority • Benefits everyone, • Reduces organizational losses • Prevents human harm • Many organizations develop written safety programs to demonstrate visual compliance with regulatory.

14. Proactive Vs Reactive Hazard Control • Evaluates and investigates past incidents or accidents • Uses risk management to control losses • Satisfied with reducing accident recurrence • Disciplines unsafe actions and behaviors • Accepts some losses if not too severe • Documents errors and primary causes • Responsive to formal culture expectations • Leaders delegate responsibilities to others • Anticipates, recognizes, and identifies hazards • Analyzes and determines risks • Controls hazards to reduce accident potential • Educates and encourages safe behaviors • Focuses in preventing losses • Analyzes to determine root causes • Operates to open and hidden cultures • Involves leaders in hazard control

15. Hazard Control Is Good Business • Liberty Mutual, in its 2007 Workplace Safety Index, estimated that in 2005, employers paid almost $1 billion per week in direct compensation costs for disabling workplace injuries and illnesses. • Survey on ROI (Return on Investment)-60% • Proactive efforts can help reduce workers’ compensation premiums, injury costs, and lost productivity.

16. HAZARD CONTROL RESPONSIBILITIES • Many organizations with high accident rates fail to outline specific hazard control responsibilities in their plans, procedures, directives, and job descriptions. • The concept of responsibility relates to a person’s obligation to carry out assigned duties in an efficient, effective, and safe manner. • Responsible designation includes Senior Management, Manager, Supervisor.

17. Senior Management Responsibilities • Develop, sign, and publish an organizational hazard control policy statement. • Describe key expectations related to accomplishing hazard control objectives. • Ensure that all organizational members can explain the major objectives. • Develop methods to track progress and provide feedback to all organizational members. • Require managers and supervisor to visibly support established objectives.

18. HC Manager Responsibilities • Guide hazard control(hc) training & educational sessions. • Serve as the hc consultant and information center. • Providehc–related technical assistance as necessary. • Provide information about legal and compliance requirements affecting safety and health. • Evaluate overall hazard control performance as related to established objectives. • Maintain communication with regulatory agencies and professional safety organizations. • Oversee accident investigations, hazard analysis, and preparation of reports or summaries. • Monitor progress of corrective actions required to address hazards or other safety deficiencies. • When seeking senior leader’s approval for hazard control expenditures, use a well-prepared cost–benefit analysis document.

19. Supervisor Responsibilities • Enforce work rules and correct unsafe or at-risk behaviors. • Implementhcpolicies, procedures, and practices in their areas. • Provide job or task-related training and education. • Immediately report & investigate accidents in their work areas. • Conduct periodic area hazard control and safety inspections. • Ensure proper maintenance &servicing of equipment , tools. • Lead by example and personally adhere to hazard control requirements. • Conduct safety and hazard control meetings on a regular basis. • Work with organizational hazard control personnel to correct and control hazards. • Ensure subordinates can access required plans, policies, and procedures.

20. Supervisor Responsibilities when Addressing Behaviors • Supervisors must explain work rules and behavioral expectations to all new or transferred employees. • Supervisors never tolerate individuals those who disregard work rules. • When disciplining an individual, do so in private but always document the facts. • Never confuse correcting a behavior with undertaking needed disciplinary action. • When correcting an unsafe behavior, always state the facts about the situation but limit personal opinions. • Take time to recognize good behaviors by using positive reinforcement. • Some may recognize a hazard but not possess the ability to deal with it. Too many injuries occur when a person recognized the hazard but failed to respect its potential for causing harm. • Some individuals, for unknown reasons, purposely decide to engage in unsafe or risky behaviors.