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Economics of Shared Data Plans. Soumya Sen Carlee Joe-Wong Sangtae Ha. Issue: Sustainability. e-commerce. Google Amazon Apple Microsoft Facebook. m -commerce. c loud services. AT&T Verizon T-Mobile Sprint Comcast. wired. wireless. Issue: Demand Growth. Issue: Viability.
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Economics of Shared Data Plans Soumya Sen Carlee Joe-Wong SangtaeHa
Issue: Sustainability e-commerce Google Amazon Apple Microsoft Facebook m-commerce cloud services AT&T Verizon T-Mobile Sprint Comcast wired wireless
Issue: Viability • Spectrum Crunch • 108% Growth • Data Caps
Perspectives & Questions Consumers Service Providers • How to price shared data plans? • How many shared plans to offer? • Is a shared data plan always better? • How to fairly share data across users?
Shared Plans Device 1 Device 2 • Entertainment & Productivity device • Child’s & Parent’s device
Shared Plans Device 1 Device 2 • Devices have different marginal value for consumed bandwidth (v1, v2) • Usage distribution: fi(ci), demand ci • Different max usage (C1max,C2max)
Shared Plans Device 1 Device 2 • Entertainment & Productivity device • v1 < v2, C1max >C2max • Child’s & Parent’s device • v1 < v2, C1max <C2max
Shared Data Plan Pricing • Per device fee (by device type): g1, g2 • Bandwidth Caps: B1, B2, Bs • Tiered (approximates usage pricing $10/GB): • {p1, p2} < ps(in $/GB up to cap) • Overage fees: {o1, o2} < os(in $/GB above cap)
Overage Scenarios • Demand loss above cap • Quality degradation, throttling above cap • Self-restraint by users on lower utility device • α of overage demand is lost • Usage loss from lower valued (v1) device
3- Stage Model Assumptions (relaxable): • Continuum of data caps to choose from • Log utility function: Ui=vilog(1+ci)-piBi Demand for data on each device is realized Choose between shared and individual Data plans Adjust for usage loss (if needed) and incur overage fees Choose the data cap for the chosen plan Direction of solution
Analysis: Individual Data Plans User utilities: • Compute (B1*, B2*) and (U1*, U2*) Expected utility:
Analysis: Shared Data Plan (1) c2 c2 c2 Case 3: Case 1: Case 2: Relationship between data cap, realized demand, and usage loss in overage regime No demand loss Demand loss Demand loss (c1, c2) (c1, c2) (c1, c2) c1 c1 c1
Analysis: Shared Data Plan (2) • Shared plan allows adjustments across devices • Compute Bs*, Us* in each region and select the best option • Use E(Us*), E(U1*+U2* ) to choose shared vs individual data plans
Example Usage Stats • 19 iPhone, 15 iPads • iPad users: β~(0.348, 0.408) • iPhone users: β~(0.515, 0.191)
Consumer Choice: Non-trivial Shared Indv. Indv. Correct choice of shared or individual plan depends on demand loss in overage regime due to behavioral factors (user’s self-restraint) and technological factors (performance degradation from throttling)
Robustness: Tiered Data Plans Consumer choice can be even more complicated for tiered data plans Shared • Indv. • Indv. Shared The budget choices are B1 = 0.2, 1 and B2 = 0.5, 1.5 (in GB)
Future Directions Consumers Service Providers • How to price shared data plans? • What shared data caps to offer? • Is a shared data plan always better? • How to fairly share data across users?
“Fair” sharing • Build “fairness” into the system • Allow “priorities” • Use dynamic planning to increase “efficiency” Chris Chris Bob Alice
Empowering Consumers Set cap. Set priority. priority=1 Priority=2 Dailyallocation by users + Usage alerts Alice Chris Fair allocation by apps + Usage alerts
Trial App GUIs Shared Usage Monitoring Shared Usage Prediction Personal Usage Monitoring
References • Innovating Access Pricing • http://www.datami.com • Industry-academia collaboration • http://scenic.princeton.edu/SDP2012/ • SDP 2013 (Workshop on Smart Data Pricing) • co-located with IEEE INFOCOM 2013, Turin, Italy • DataWiz (free iOS & Android mobile app) • scenic.princeton.edu/datawiz/ Questions? Thank you!