Mind Map

1. Mind Map Photosynthesis occurs inside rate can be affected by requirements products 1. chlorophyll chloroplasts 1. light intensity glucose oxygen 2. carbon dioxide 2. carbon dioxide concentration process consists of 3. sunlight function in cells converted to 1. light reactions 4. water provides energy 1. amino acid 2. dark reactions 2. sucrose 3. starch 4. cellulose 5. fats

2. Mind Map Respiration can be classified into food is oxidised to release oxygen is required oxygen is not required aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration energy examples produces produces as larger amount of energy smaller amount of energy 1. ATP lactic acid fermentation in muscles alcoholic fermentation 2. Heat can be used in leads to 1. brewing and wine making oxygen debt and fatigue 2. bread making

3. Mind Map Plants occurs in the leaves most mode of nutrition need gaseous exchange mineral salts autotrophic nutrition can be obtained by adding mainly through 2 major elements stomata on leaves 1. nitrogen fertilizers include 2. magnesium 1. chemical fertilizers in daytime at night (or in the dark) respiration only respiration and photosynthesis 2. natural fertilizers

4. Mind Map Plants the process of losing water from the surface to the atmosphere transpiration the rate is affected by is the creates importance 1. carries and helps absorbing dissolved mineral salts loss of water from plant transpiration pull 1. light intensity 2. temperature 3. relative humidity 2. produces cooling effect 4. air movement

5. Mind Map Plants to help plants to stand upright one main function of roots a system of plants support transport in flowering plants absorption in roots by 2 different kinds of substances 2 main kinds of substances 1. turgidity of cells water and mineral salts organic nutrients water mineral salts 2. rigidity of xylem by by through through osmosis active transport xylem phloem by by transpiration pull translocation

6. Mind Map we should have a Food balanced diet malnutrition consists of otherwise will result in 7 food substances contains the right amount of all primary food substances protective food substances include carbohydrates fats proteins water include consist of consist of amino acids 1. monosaccharides 1. fatty acids 2. disaccharides 2. glycerol food test albustix paper food test 3. polysaccharides spot test food test for glucose reducing sugars starch is is is clinistix paper Benedict's test iodine test

7. Mind Map we should have a Food balanced diet malnutrition consists of otherwise will result in 7 food substances contains the right amount of all primary food substances protective food substances include vitamins minerals dietary fibres stimulate include include peristalsis prevent vitamin A vitamin C vitamin D calcium iron constipation deficiency disease deficiency disease deficiency disease deficiency disease deficiency disease night blindness scurvy rickets soft bones anaemia food test DCPIP test

8. Mind Map Nutrition in humans The digestive system consists of associated digestive glands and alimentary canal includes mouth cavity oesophagus stomach duodenum ileum appendix caecum colon rectum anus

9. Mind Map Nutrition in humans consists of 5 processes ingestion digestion absorption assimilation egestion mainly through mainly through food is broken down by involves mechanical digestion chemical digestion villi hepatic portal vein teeth involves include involves involves to 1. blood capillaries 1. incisors 1. chewing enzymatic reactions liver 2. canines 2. peristalsis functions include 2. lacteals 3. premolars 3 major types of enzyme 1. regulates blood glucose level by 4. molars 1. carbohydrase 1. diffusion the number and arrangement are shown by 2. protease 2. deamination 2. active transport 3. stores iron and vitamins 3. lipase dental formula

10. Mind Map Gaseous exchange in human involves consists of for the exchange of the rate and depth increase when doing by consists of involve the movement of breathing system ventilation 1. nasal cavity 2. pharynx oxygen carbon dioxide 3. larynx exercise 4. trachea 5. lungs expiration inspiration bronchi bronchioles alveoli 1. diaphragm 2. Ribs and sternum

11. Mind Map Circulatory system double circulation consists of 1. pulmonary circulation blood vessels heart blood 2. systemic circulation include divided into cardiac cycle consists of functions are 1. arteries 2. veins 1. transport 1. 2 atria auricular systole 1. plasma 3. capillaries 2. 2 ventricles 2. blood cells 2. body defence ventricular systole include 3. body temperature regulation 1. red blood cells diastole 2. white blood cells 3. platelets

12. Mind Map Lymphatic system consists of 1. lymph vessels 2. lymph nodes 3. lymph flows by 1. contraction of skeletal muscles 2. pressure from the tissues

13. Mind Map Detecting of environmental conditions mainly by is called irritability five senses change in external or internal environment is called include hearing taste sight smell touch stimulus detected by sense organ sense organ sense organ sense organ sense organ receptors ear tongue eye nose skin examples nerve impulses sent to common eye defects structures include brain or spinal cord 1. aqueous humour 5. sclera 1. long sight consists of 1. circular muscles 6. cornea 2. short sight to 2. vitreous humour effectors include muscles and glands 7. choroid 3. colour blindness 2. radial muscles 8. lens 3. retina produce for 9. iris 4. optic nerve controlling the size of pupil response 10. pupil