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Quebec: A Distinct Society?

Quebec: A Distinct Society?. From Quiet Revolution To Asymmetrical Federalism. Stadacona : French meet First Nations near present day Quebec City. Quebec City: claimed in 1541 by France. Plains of Abraham near Quebec City: France is defeated by England. Canada becomes English .

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Quebec: A Distinct Society?

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  1. Quebec: A Distinct Society? From Quiet Revolution To Asymmetrical Federalism

  2. Stadacona: French meet First Nations near present day Quebec City

  3. Quebec City: claimed in 1541 by France.

  4. Plains of Abraham near Quebec City: France is defeated by England

  5. Canada becomes English • France no longer controls Quebec. • Some French return to France. • The remaining French keep religious and civil rights. • English Canada dominates politically and economically. • By WW1, there is tension between English and French Canada.

  6. Conscription Crisis: • French Canadians do not feel they should have to fight in a European war. • They are angry that Prime Minister Borden passed the Military Service Act. • This disagreement causes a serious split in Canadian unity.

  7. Conscription Crisis: 1917

  8. In 1948, Quebec designs a flag to encourage their identity.

  9. Quiet Revolution (1960s) • Restricts the role of the Roman Catholic Church (especially in education). • Strengthens French identity and language. • Takes control of hydro-electric power ($).

  10. “Masters in Our Own House”

  11. “In a little while the English, the federalists, the exploiters. . . will fear for their lives.” FLQ statement: 1970

  12. Front de Libération du Quebec

  13. FLQ has popular support among some Quebecois.

  14. Mail boxes, McGill University, and the Montreal Stock Exchange are bombed.

  15. October Crisis (1970) • A terrorist group (FLQ) demands a separate Quebec. • They use bombs to threaten English Quebec. • Two men are kidnapped.

  16. James Cross, a British Trade Commissioner, is held for 53 days.

  17. Pierre Laporte, a Quebec Labour Minister, is killed by the FLQ.

  18. Prime Minister Trudeau takes quick action.

  19. War Measures Act • The government had extraordinary powers. • Police could arrest anyone suspected of belonging to or sympathizing with the FLQ.. • 465 people were arrested, although few were charged in the end.

  20. Trudeau is asked by a journalist if he will really allow arrests without a warrant. He replies:

  21. ‘Just Watch Me’

  22. After the murder of Pierre Laporte,people are shocked, and support for the FLQ declines.Five kidnappers are given safe passage to Cuba.

  23. Separatist feelings are still strong:Parti Quebecois wins the Quebec election in 1976

  24. Parti Quebecois passes a new law:

  25. Bill 101: Prohibiting the Use of English • All students have to attend French language schools (unless 1 parent had an English education). • All commercial signs must be in French only. • French is the only official language in Quebec.

  26. Bill 101: is this allowed in Canada?

  27. Referendum on Sovereignty (1995) • Quebecois residents are asked if they want to separate from Canada. • The result is NO, but only by 1%. • Prime Minister Chrétien passes the Clarity Act to regulate future negotiations with Quebec.

  28. Should Quebec Separate?

  29. Future for Quebec?

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