Material Taken From: Mathematics for the international student Mathematical Studies SL Mal Coad , Glen Whiffen , John Owen, Robert Haese , Sandra Haese and Mark Bruce Haese and Haese Publications, 2004. Warm Up.
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Material Taken From:Mathematicsfor the international student Mathematical Studies SLMal Coad, Glen Whiffen, John Owen, Robert Haese, Sandra Haese and Mark BruceHaese and Haese Publications, 2004
Warm Up In a group of 108 people in an art gallery 60 liked the pictures, 53 liked the sculpture and 10 liked neither. What is the probability that a person chosen at random liked the pictures but not the sculpture?
Section 14K – Laws of Probability BrainPop Video Compound Events Today: Sometimes events can happen at the same time. Sometimes you will be finding the probability of event A or event B happening. Sometimes you will be finding the probability of event A and event B happening.
Laws of Probability
Mutually Exclusive Events A bag of candy contains 12 red candies and 8 yellow candies. Can you select one candy that is both red and yellow?
Laws of Probability
Mutually Exclusive Events P(either A or B) = P(A) + P(B)
Example 1)Of the 31 people on a bus tour, 7 were born in Scotland and 5 were born in Wales. Are these events mutually exclusive? If a person is chosen at random, find the probability that he or she was born in: Scotland Wales Scotland or Wales
Laws of Probability
Combined Events P(either A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B)
Example 2)100 people were surveyed: 72 people have had a beach holiday 16 have had a skiing holiday 12 have had both What is the probability that a person chosen has had a beach holiday or a ski holiday?
Example 3)If P(A) = 0.6 and P(A B) = 0.7 andP(A B) = 0.3, find P(B).
Conditional ProbabilityTen children played two tennis matches each. What is the probability that a child won his first match, if it is known that he won his second match?
Laws of Probability
Example 4) In a class of 25 students, 14 like pizza and 16 like iced coffee. One student likes neither and 6 students like both. One student is randomly selected from the class. What is the probability that the student: likes pizza likes pizza given that he/she likes iced coffee?
Example 5) In a class of 40, 34 like bananas, 22 like pineapples and 2 dislike both fruits. If a student is randomly selected find the probability that the student: Likes both fruits Likes bananas given that he/she likes pineapples Dislikes pineapples given that he/she likes bananas
Example 6)The top shelf of a cupboard contains 3 cans of pumpkin soup and 2 cans of chicken soup. The bottom self contains 4 cans of pumpkin soup and 1 can of chicken soup. Lukas is twice as likely to take a can from the bottom shelf as he is from the top shelf . If he takes one can without looking at the label, determine the probability that it: is chicken was taken from the top shelf given that it is chicken
Section 14L – Independent Events Independent Events If one student in the class was born on June 1st can another student also be born on June 1st? If you roll a die and get a 6, can you flip a coin and get tails?
Laws of Probability
Example 7) P (A) = ½ P (B) = 1/3 and P(A B) = p Find p if: A and B are mutually exclusive A and B are independent