Revelation of 5.12 Quake, Sichuan, China Part 4b Short-term response after the quake

1. Revelation of 5.12 Quake, Sichuan, ChinaPart 4b Short-term response after the quake Supercourse China 超级课程·中国 http://www.SuperCourse.cn/ 2008-6-6

2. The work we did after the Wenchuan earthquake

3. Disease control of CDC Interview with Zijian Feng, director of Emergency Office of China CDC The methods of diseases monitoring can be divided into active ones and passive ones which means obtaining the reported data. And active monitoring is practised by the department in charge of diseases monitoring to send groups to the disaster area for random sampling survey. Active monitoring had been started, combined with the passive monitoring and relative staffs had been sent to the area by CDC.

4. The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of Health • Three insurances -To ensure that there are enough and professional staff in the disaster area -To ensure the supply of the sanitary articles used for epidemic prevention -To ensure the effective organization of the prevention tasks. • Four key aspects -Key population means the people in the settlements -Key area means the relics having not been cleaned properly -Key diseases mean the ones had broken in that area and to which both the epidemic monitoring and enhancement of prevention measurements are necessary. -Key points mean: the attention of water-drinking, food safety, epidemic monitoring and management of bodies Ministry of Health

5. The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of Health • Disinfection and disinsection -The area of the covered region were 1384,000,000m2(untill June 1st) -Medicines for disinfection and disinsection of 1,898 ton had been sent to the disaster area -The community management which involves the setting up of water supply apparatus, medical tents, epidemic prevention groups, waste treatment facilitates and public toilets should be carried out in the settlements for the victims to ensure the basic life and sanitation of the people there. Ministry of Health

6. The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of Health • Report of epidemic situation -Every monitoring station should report the condition everyday and a zero report is required if there was no epidemic cases -Using the appropriative cell phone in the case that the existed report network had been destroyed in some area. Ministry of Health

7. The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of Health • Vaccination -Both fixed-point vaccination and itinerant vaccination are performed to achieve the goal of vaccination of hepatitis A vaccine and je vaccine to the sensitive people by June 15th -Sichuan province has started since June 1st the vaccination of hepatitis A and je vaccine for the children. Vaccines against 7 diseases, namely DPT, typhoid fever, hemorrhagic fever , coupler body, anthrax , measles-mumps and rabies, had been stored. So emergent vaccination can be offered in case any epidemic case is discovered. Ministry of Health

8. The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of Health • Treatment of bodies The programs of the harmless disposal of reliquiae of victims and animal bodies -Cremation is the first choice if conditions permit -Bury the bodies right there if the transportation is severely blocked The place for burying must be far from water source and relatively higher to avoid contamination of water and external environment Ministry of Health

9. The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of Health • The program of the monitoring of vector biology 1 The target 2 The extension and frequency 3 The organization and divisions 4 The monitoring methods of the density of mosquito, fly and mouse 5 The questionnaire of the density of mosquito, fly and mouse 6 The reference index of disinsection and deratization 7 The evaluation of disinsection and deratization Ministry of Health

10. The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of Health • Something we should pay attention to during epidemic prevention -Disaster area ≠ epidemic area All the vehicles are disinfected in some places. However, this is unnecessary and abuse of disinfectors may negatively affect external environment -We should resume the normal function of medical and sanitation institutions in the disaster area Now we are helping Sichuan to find a proper reconstruction program of the medical and sanitation institutions there Ministry of Health

11. 4.6 Victims settlement

12. Population movement after the earthquake   Zones   Earthquake-stricken area 4

13. Population Movement Major concern and barrier for effective services delivery in Bam • Invasion of poor people from neighboring • areas to Bam 110,000 Population beforethe earthquake 90,000 Population at the1.5 months after the earthquake 40,000 Number of death = (?) - 5

14. Population Movement 2) Changing living places inside the bam The most important reasons: • Poor environmental health condition of previous living zone (85%) • Lack of accessibility to latrines (73%) • Recurrent referral of health personnel for census (54%) • Being interested in being in front of their own damaged house (49%) • Lack of sufficient environmental space for living (26%)

15. Cumulative percent of the first time health services delivery to the earthquake-stricken households in Bam till 20th days of post-disaster period 7

16. The overall satisfaction of the earthquake-stricken people from health services delivery 8

17. The needs (expressed demands) of Bam earthquake-stricken households on 19th and 20th days of post-disaster period Bath room 74 % Food 69 % Clothes 68 % Heaters 62 % Security 60 % Latrine 49 % Money 47 % Others 9

18. The needs (expressed demands) of Bam earthquake-stricken householdson19th and 20th days of post-disaster period 11

19. Main barriers in health services delivery in Bam earthquake-stricken households, during first 20 days of post-disaster period Transportation Unavailability of required services Unfamiliarity with health and medical centers Dissatisfied from previous services Inappropriate time 12

20. The sanitation guidebook for the settlements in the natural disaster area • On water, disinfection is needed to ensure the water safety • On excrement, isolation is required • On solid waste What should be done and what should be avoided, please see the following page: http://www.paho.org/english/dd/ped/te_albe.htm

21. > 3.3 million tents Garbage Treatment Facilities & Sewage Treatment Facilities Chemical proof protective clothing, Shoes and masks Radiation detector (X ray and Y ray survey meter, Personal dosimeter) Medical Instruments like ECG, Operational Kits, etc Medication for infectious disease Urgent Needs Source: UNOCHA situation report NO 6, 7 & 8

22. Some points about accommodation status of population • Determinants of aggregation places • Distances of tents • Risk of injuries • Cultural values 13

23. Social problems of earthquake-stricken households in Bam till 20th days of post-disaster period Violence: Physical or psychological aggression 14

24. 15

25. 4.7 Post-disaster psychological assistance

26. Psychological Problems in Bam earthquake • A major consequence of disaster: 40% PTSD • Comprehensive Mental Health program by Office of MH at MOH • MH and Social Working interventions by State Welfare Organization 18

27. Mental health interventions in Bam • Office of Mental Health at Iranian MOH has valuable experiences on MH interventions in disaster situations, based on previous earthquakes in Iran. • They are covering all population in Bam by holding “Relief groups” to deal with PTSD, Depression and Suicide. 19

28. 80 % of relief workers in Bam expressed their need to psychological consultations. 16

29. 儿童心理干预 China CDC

30. China CDC

31. Supercourse China has already made more just-in-time PPT about the Sichuan Earthquake, which concerned with self-rescue and mutual-help in the earthquake, public health problems, as well as the first and secondary rescue( including psychological reconstruction ) after the disaster ect. Please visit: http://www.supercourse.cn/