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PhotoActive tiles: an industrial challenge in the world of photocatalysis

PhotoActive tiles: an industrial challenge in the world of photocatalysis. Final remarks. Only nanocrystallites TiO 2 is active from the photocatalytic point of view ? NO 2) Any «chance» for larger-sized TiO 2 ????? YES Possible alternative to nano- sized TiO 2

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PhotoActive tiles: an industrial challenge in the world of photocatalysis

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  1. PhotoActive tiles: an industrial challenge in the world of photocatalysis

  2. Finalremarks • Onlynanocrystallites TiO2isactivefrom the photocatalytic point of view ? NO • 2) Any «chance» for larger-sized TiO2 ????? YES • Possible alternative to nano-sized TiO2 • Micro-TiO2 in a constructionmaterial: photocatalytic tilesYES • Preservation of the common tilesproperties • Goodresultsas a photocatalytic materials C.L. Bianchi, et al. Advancesin Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 2012, Article ID 970182, 8 pages, (2012) doi:10.1155/2012/970182 Prof. Claudia L. Bianchi

  3. PigmentaryTiO2 Pure anatase, Uncoatedsurface, Commerciallyavailable (notsoldas photocatalytic materials), Powderform • C.L. Bianchi, et al., “Pigmentary TiO2: a challenge for its use as photocatalyst in NOx air purification”, Chemical Eng J, 10.1016/j.cej.2014.03.078

  4. I.R. Characterization IR spectra in the 3900 - 2800 cm-1 spectral region of P25, after activation in different conditions IR spectra in the 3900 - 2800 cm-1 spectral region of samples oxidized at 300°C

  5. Experimental batch set-ups: NOx and VOC degradation • UV lamp (320-400 nm) • 1 ppm NOx • T = 30°C • V = 20 l • Relative humidity = 40% • 10 W/m2 • UV lamp (320-400 nm) • 400 ppm VOC • T = 30°C • V = 5 l • Relative humidity = 40% • 30 W/m2 Prof. Claudia L. Bianchi

  6. Testson allTiO2 in powderform: the case of sample A • Gas phase • Standard UV-A lamps • 30 W/m2 (except for NO/NOx: 10 W/m2) Prof. Claudia L. Bianchi

  7. EtOHdegradation

  8. EtOHdegradation: Comparison P25/Kronos 1077 (sample A)

  9. Tiles preparation Patent - EP2443076 • Industrial porcelain-gréstiles are manufactured under high pressure by dry-pressing fine processed ceramic raw materials and finally fired at high temperatures (1200 - 1300°C) in a kiln. Photoactive porcelain-gréstiles were subsequently covered at the surface with a mixture of pure anatase micro-TiO2 and a commercial SiO2-based compound. • Tiles were then treated at high temperature (approx. 680°C) for 80 min and hardly brushed to remove the powder present at the sample surface and not completely stuck. • Bianchi, Capucci et al., CCC, 36 (2013) 116

  10. Tiles name: White Ground ActiveTM 1077 by Kronos (sample A) Amount of TiO2 on the tiles = 1.1 g/m2

  11. TiO2 + SiO2-based compound: characterization Prof. G. Cerrato – TurinUniversity Prof. Claudia L. Bianchi

  12. Final material properties: • hardness • lack of porosity • vitrified surface • durability Mirafiori Motor Village – Torino (Italy) Kindergarten «Il bruco» - L’Aquila (Italy)

  13. Self-cleaning performance De-pollutant Methylen blue degradation in water (ISO 10678) Oleic acid degradation (ISO 27448-1) Photocatalytic properties Photocatalytic properties NOx degradation in both batch and plug-flow reactors Decoloration of dyes put in contact with the tiles Antibacterialactivity (ISO 27447) performed by Artest Modena-Italy

  14. Contact angle measurements PHOTOCATALYSIS: MAKES IT DIFFICULT FOR DIRT TO DEPOSIT Modification of Surface Hydrophilic Properties Common porcelainPhotocatalytic porcelaingres tile gres tile Prof. S. Biella – Milan Polytechnique

  15. Tiles performance: NOx degradation NOx: 1000 ppb • Amount of TiO2 on the tilesduring the photocatalytic test: 0,004 g • Amount of TiO2 in powderformduring the photocatalytic test: 0,04g ----------------------------------- • Time to reach 80% NOxdegradation with the tilesduring the photocatalytic test: 360 min • Time to reach 80% NOxdegradation with TiO2 in powderformduring the photocatalytic test: 36 min Prof. Claudia L. Bianchi

  16. WHO guidelines for NO2 Prof. Claudia L. Bianchi

  17. Case History: Hong Kong Values on the graph in μg/m3 NO2Hourly limitvalue NO2Annual limitvalue 01/11/2011 – 31/12/2011 Prof. Claudia L. Bianchi

  18. Case history: Milano (Italy) Prof. Claudia L. Bianchi

  19. Tiles performance with realpollutionlevels Value fixed in ISO 22197-1 h Time to reach the annualmeanvalue of 40 μg/m3 10 W/m2 20 W/m2 NO2inletvalue Prof. Claudia L. Bianchi

  20. Finalremarks • Interestingphotocatalytc performance of allmicrosizedsamples in gas phase. • Nano-TiO2 shows always the best resultstowards the photodegradation of bothNOx, but with levels of realpollutions, powdered nano and micro-sized TiO2seems to show similarphotodegradationresults. • Photocatalytic tiles are now an industrial reality. Photocatalytic tiles, commercially available, combine porcelain-grésmaterial features and photocatalytic properties. • features Prof. Claudia L. Bianchi

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