1 / 140

A New industrial Age

Section 1: The Expansion of Industry, Pages 228-251. A New industrial Age. U.S. Industrialization, 1870-1900. In the 1860s the U.S. lagged behind Great Britain, France, and Germany in industrial output.

Download Presentation

A New industrial Age

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Section 1: The Expansion of Industry, Pages 228-251 A New industrial Age

  2. U.S. Industrialization, 1870-1900 • In the 1860s the U.S. lagged behind Great Britain, France, and Germany in industrial output. • By 1900 the U.S. had moved so far into the lead that factories in the U.S. produced more than all THREE of the European leaders combined? • How and why did this rapid change occur?

  3. Why did the U.S. industrialize so rapidly between 1870 and 1900? • 1. America had abundant natural resources: coal, iron ore, oil, timber, rivers • 2. Large and growing labor supply (workers) • 3. Widespread faith in capitalism • 4. Federal government and legal environment promoted the growth of big business 5. A surge in technological innovation 6. The nation had a group of talented and ambitious entrepreneurs along with a tradition of hard work and an adventurous American spirit 7. An expanding domestic marketplace

  4. Coal Miners

  5. How did Edwin L. Drake contribute to industrialization? • He was the first to use a steam engine to drill for oil. • Led to a boom in the oil business in the U.S. • Oil was used for kerosene to light homes and later for automobiles.

  6. Oil Fields in Pennsylvania

  7. Kerosene Lamp

  8. What was the Bessemer process? • Bessemer process was a way to remove air pockets from iron to produce steel. • ***Steel was used for Railroads Bridges (Brooklyn Bridge) First Skyscrapers (Cities grew) Farm Machinery Barbed wire (fenced in the West) Small Appliances

  9. Steel

  10. Vide0: Steel and Skyscrapers • Story of Us , Disc 2 • Cities • 12:30, Edison at 35:00 • http://www.cleanvideosearch.com/media/action/yt/watch?videoId=1Lw9Px59gsY&name=America%3A+The+Story+of+Us+-+E07+-+Cities&uploadUsername=reuptakes&hitCount=2788

  11. What inventions of the time changed the way people lived and worked? • Light bulb • Electricity • Telephone • Typewriter • Refrigerated railroad cars

  12. EalexanA • Thomas Edison

  13. What contributions did Thomas Edison make? • 1. He perfected the light bulb • 2. He set up the first research lab at Menlo Park • 3. He helped design a system to distribute electricity

  14. GE: Revenue: $168.3 billionNo. of employees: 300,000

  15. How did the light bulb and electricity transform American life? • Americans no longer worked by the sun • Factories and businesses can operate 24 hours a day • Electric street cars allowed people to travel faster • Factories could produce goods faster and cheaper

  16. Video Thomas Edison • Story of US • Disc 2 • Cities • 34:00

  17. What led to a revolution in communication in the U.S.? • Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone • Americans could communicate faster and over longer distances • Led to a worldwide communications network that changed the way people worked and lived

  18. Alexander Graham Bell (1876)

  19. U. S. Patents Granted 1790s  276 patents issued. 1990s  1,119,220 patents issued.

  20. Technology and New Inventions included…. • Ice Machine • Refrigerated railroad car • Automated loom • Mass produced shoes

  21. Standard sizes were developed from measurements taken from Union soldiers during the Civil War.

  22. Next: The Age of Railroads

  23. THE AGE OF THE RAILROADS • CHAPTER 6, SECTION 2 • Page 236-240 • Question: What name would you give to the present age?

  24. What was the Transcontinental Railroad? • A Railroad that connected the • West to the East • Central Pacific (began in CA) • Union Pacific railroads connected at • Promontory Point, Utah • Completed 1869

  25. 1 Foot a day

  26. How did Railroad Expansion Change American Life? • Cities and towns grew, the West was settled • Business corruption led to government regulation of railroads • Standardized time—times zones were set up • Better diets and cheaper goods for Americans • Industry (factories) spread across the nation • Americans traveled more

  27. LINKING THE NATION

  28. Standardized time (Time Zones) 1883 • Railroad companies set up time zones to manage the train schedule • 4 time zones in the U.S. • Quickly adopted by other businesses • ***Americans began to work and live by the clock

  29. Pullman Company • Manufactured sleeper cars for trains • Owned by George Pullman • Pullman, Illinois was a town built to house company workers

  30. Luxury Travel

  31. Tourism in the West

  32. Reasons for Government Regulation of Businesses (1870-1900s) • Some businessmen were corrupt • Railroads impacted the entire economy • Monopolies hurt the consumer (higher prices)

  33. What was the Credit Mobilier Scandal? Construction Company hired to lay tracks -Purpose: to steal railroad money for its shareholders-Stole $23 million-An Example of corrupt business practices of some companies

  34. Which laws were adopted to give the government more power to regulate the railroads? (1870-1900 • Granger Laws –to set railroad fares • Munn v Illinois court case • Sherman Antitrust Act • Interstate Commerce Act

  35. Cornelius Vanderbilt Takes on His Competitors: 9:00-19:00

  36. What was Munn v Illinois, 1877? • Supreme Court case • States won the right to regulate the railroads • Farmers and other consumers benefitted from regulation of fares

  37. What was the Interstate Commerce Act, 1887? • Purpose: to lower railroad rates • Stated the federal government had the right to regulate businesses (railroads) • Set up the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)

  38. Advantages of Railroad Expansion (1877-1890) • Travel across the country was faster and safer • Goods traveled faster and cheaper to consumers • Connected markets and spurred settlement of the West • Supported economic growth • Time zones were established

  39. Disadvantages of Railroads (1877-1890) • Farmers resented railroad companies because they controlled shipping fees • Some railroad owners were corrupt in abusing their power • Workers were sometimes overworked and underpaid • Carried more settlers West and led to decline of Plains Indians

  40. Stanford University (Leland Stanford)

  41. Vanderbilt

More Related