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Chapter 4 Body Structure

Chapter 4 Body Structure. Overview Levels of organization Anatomical position Planes of the body Body cavities Abdominopelvic divisions Quadrants Regions Spine Directional terms. Levels of Organization. Cell Cell membrane cytoplasm Nucleus Tissue Organ System Organism.

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Chapter 4 Body Structure

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  1. Chapter 4 Body Structure Overview • Levels of organization • Anatomical position • Planes of the body • Body cavities • Abdominopelvic divisions • Quadrants • Regions • Spine • Directional terms

  2. Levels of Organization • Cell • Cell membrane • cytoplasm • Nucleus • Tissue • Organ • System • Organism

  3. Abduction Adduction Medial Lateral Superior Inferior Proximal Distal Anterior Posterior Parietal Visceral Prone Supine Inversion Eversion Palmar Plantar Superficial Deep Directional Terms

  4. Etiology of diseases • Metabolic • Infectious • Congenital • Hereditary • Environmental • Neoplastic

  5. Vocabulary • Adhesion • Analyte • Febrile • Homeostasis • Inflammation • Morbid • Sepsis • Suppurative

  6. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures • Radiographic • Computed tomography scan (CT scan) • Doppler • Fluoroscopy • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) • Nuclear scan • Positron emission tomography (PET) • Radiography

  7. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures • Radiographic • Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) • Tomography • Ultrasonography

  8. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures • Biopsy • Needle • Punch • Shave • Frozen section

  9. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures • Surgical • Ablation • Anastomosis • Cauterize • Curettage • Incision and drainage (I&D) • Laser surgery • Radical dissection • Resection

  10. Chapter 5 Integumentary System Overview • Skin • Epidermis • Dermis • Accessory organs of the skin • Glands • Hair • Nails

  11. Functions • Covers and protects outer surfaces of body • Produces secretions • Contains nerves for impulse transmission • Regulates body temperature

  12. Pathology • Skin lesions • Primary • Flat • Elevated • Solid • Fluid-filled • Secondary • Depressed

  13. Pathology • Primary • Flat

  14. Pathology • Primary • Elevated

  15. Pathology • Primary • Fluid-filled

  16. Pathology • Secondary • Depressed

  17. Pathology • Burns

  18. Pathology • Oncology • Grading and staging systems • Basal cell carcinoma • Squamous cell carcinoma • Malignant melanoma

  19. Vocabulary • Abscess • Carbuncle • Comedo • Decubitus ulcer • Ecchymosis • Eczema • Pruritus • Psoriasis

  20. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures • Surgical • Chemical peel • Dermabrasion • Fulguration • Chemical peel • Cryosurgery • Incision and drainage (I&D)

  21. Chapter 6 Digestive System Overview • Mouth • Teeth • Tongue • Pharynx, esophagus, and stomach • Small intestine • Large intestine • Accessory organs of digestion • Liver • Pancreas • Gallbladder

  22. Functions • Provides body with essential water, nutrients, and minerals • Completes mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods for absorption by cell membranes • Eliminates waste products from body • Includes accessory organs for digestion and absorption of nutrients

  23. Pathology • Ulcer • Peptic ulcer disease • Ulcerative colitis • Hernia • Bowel obstruction • Hemorrhoids • Liver disorders • Diverticulosis • Oncology

  24. Vocabulary • Ascites • Borborygmus • Crohn disease, regional enteritis • Dyspepsia • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) • Pyloric stenosis

  25. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures • Diagnostic endoscopy • Upper GI (esophagoscopy, gastroscopy, and duodenoscopy) • Lower GI (colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy) • Surgical • Appendectomy • Polypectomy • Colostomy • Lithotripsy

  26. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures • Radiographic • Barium enema • Barium swallow

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